混合相雲における鉱物粉による氷核形成におけるフィールドスパートの重要性
James D Atkinson1, Benjamin J Murray, Matthew T Woodhouse
1Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
Nature
|June 14, 2013
まとめ
粘土ではなく,フィールドスパート鉱物は,混合相雲の主要な氷核です. これらのフェルドスパート氷核は,地球規模に分布し, -15°C以下の大気凍結に大きく影響します.
科学分野:
- 大気化学 大気化学
- クラウド物理学 クラウド物理
- ミネラロジーは,鉱物学です.
背景:
- 混合相雲には超冷凍水と氷が含まれており,気候に影響を与えます.
- 氷核 (IN) は,これらの雲の中で氷の形成を開始します.
- ミネラルダストは重要なIN源であり,伝統的に粘土鉱物が支配的であると仮定されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 混合相雲に関連する鉱物塵の主要な氷核化種を特定する.
- 塵による氷の核形成における粘土鉱物の役割と他の鉱物成分の役割を再評価する.
主な方法:
- 鉱物塵の構成要素の氷核化の効率をテストするために,滴凍結技術を使用しました.
- 特定された氷核の大気分布と影響を評価するために,グローバルエアロゾールモデルを使用しました.
主要な成果:
- フィールドスパート鉱物は,混合相雲の条件下で,氷の核が支配的であることが判明しました.
- 粘土鉱物は,氷の核形成活動が最小限に示された.
- フィールドスパート粒子は,地球規模に分布しており, -15°C以下の大気凍結に大きく貢献しています.
結論:
- フィールドスパートは粘土ではなく,鉱物粉の氷の核が優勢である.
- この発見は,地球の大気中の氷核の現在のモデルの見直しを必要としています.
- フィールドスパートの地球規模の分布は,雲の放射性特性と気候に大きな役割を果たしていることを示唆しています.
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