病気による罹病率と死亡率を低減するために,成人の一般的な健康検査を行う
Lasse T Krogsbøll1, Karsten Juhl Jørgensen, Peter C Gøtzsche
1Nordic Cochrane Centre, Rigshospitalet Department 7811, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 København Ø, Denmark. ltk@cochrane.dk
JAMA
|June 20, 2013
まとめ
大人の一般的な健康診断は,すべての原因,心血管疾患,がんによる死亡率を低下させません. しかし,それらは診断と薬物治療の増加につながり,有害性が報告されることは稀です.
科学分野:
- 予防医学は,予防的な医療です.
- 公共衛生の介入 公共衛生の介入
- 臨床効果の研究は,臨床効果の研究である.
背景:
- 一般的な健康診断は,成人に広く提供されています.
- 彼らの利益と害に関する証拠は,議論の余地があります.
- これらの検査の影響を理解することは,医療政策にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 成人の集団における一般的な健康診断の利益と害を評価する.
- 健康検査と死亡率と発症率との関連を判断する.
- 診断手順と薬物治療の発生率を評価する.
主な方法:
- ランダム化制御試験の体系的レビューとメタ解析.
- 健康診断の提供と通常のケアを比較した研究を含める.
- すべての原因による死亡率,疾患特異的な死亡率,罹病率,および害を含むアウトカムの評価.
主要な成果:
- 健康診断の申し出は,全原因死亡率の低下と関連していなかった.
- 心血管疾患やがんによる死亡率の有意な減少は観察されなかった.
- 健康検査は,診断と薬の処方量の増加と関連していた.
- 診断手順などの罹患率と害は,まれに報告されました.
結論:
- 一般的な健康診断は,成人の集団における死亡率を下げるようには見えません.
- 診断と薬物治療を含む医療介入の増加の可能性は存在します.
- 長期的な害と利益を完全に明らかにするために,さらなる研究が必要である.
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