肥満に起因する腸内微生物の代謝物質は,老化シクレトームを通して肝がんを促進します
Shin Yoshimoto1, Tze Mun Loo, Koji Atarashi
1Division of Cancer Biology, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan.
Nature
|June 28, 2013
まとめ
肥満は,デオキシコール酸 (DCA) を産生する腸内細菌を通じて肝臓がんを促進し,これは肝臓細胞における老化関連分泌フェノタイプ (SASP) を引き起こす. DCAまたはSASPをブロックすると,肥満マウスのがん発症を防ぐことができます.
科学分野:
- 肝臓病理学 肝臓病理学
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
背景:
- 肥満は,世界的な健康上の懸念が高まっており,肝細胞癌 (HCC) を含む様々な癌の重要なリスク要因です.
- 肥満とがんの発症を結びつける正確な分子メカニズムは,まだ完全に理解されていません.
- これらのメカニズムを理解することは,効果的ながん予防と治療戦略の開発に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 肥満関連肝細胞癌 (HCC) の発症における老化関連分泌性フェノタイプ (SASP) の役割を調査する.
- 肥満,腸内微生物群,HCCを結びつける分子経路を解明する.
- 肥満に起因するHCCを予防するための潜在的な治療標的を特定する.
主な方法:
- ダイエットおよび遺伝的肥満のマウスモデルを使用した.
- 腸内微生物群の変化とデオキシコール酸 (DCA) 濃度の影響を調査した.
- HCC発症における肝臓ステラート細胞 (HSC) とSASPの役割を評価した.
- 非アルコール性ステア肝炎患者のヒトHCC組織を検査した.
主要な成果:
- 肥満は腸内微生物群を変化させ,デオキシコール酸 (DCA) レベルを上昇させ,DNAを損傷させます.
- DCAは肝臓の星状細胞 (HSC) でSASPを誘発し,肥満マウスのHCC発症を促進する.
- DCAの産生を阻害したり,腸内細菌を減少させたりすることで,肥満マウスのHCCを防ぐことができました.
- SASPの阻害または老朽化したHSCの枯渇も,HCCの発達を抑制しました.
- SASPは,非アルコール性ステア肝炎患者のヒトHCC組織内のHSCで観察されました.
結論:
- 肝臓のステラート細胞 (HSC) のデオキシコール酸 (DCA) -SASP軸は,肥満に関連したHCC発症において重要な役割を果たします.
- 腸内微生物群,DCA,またはSASPをターゲットにすることは,肥満に起因する肝がんを制御するための有望な戦略です.
- 発見は,肥満と非アルコール性ステア肝炎の文脈でヒトHCCに寄与する保存された経路を示唆しています.
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