ドロソフィラの他の種との交配を阻害する遺伝的および神経的メカニズム
Pu Fan1, Devanand S Manoli, Osama M Ahmed
1State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Cell
|July 2, 2013
まとめ
特定の化学受容体,Gr32aとFruitless (Fru(M)) は,オスの果物ハエが他の種に求愛するのを防ぐ. これらの遺伝的メカニズムは,種間の求愛行動を抑制することによって,生殖的孤立を保証します.
科学分野:
- 神経生物学 神経生物学とは
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 行動生態学 行動生態学
背景:
- 行動的生殖的隔離は,種の完全性を維持するために極めて重要です.
- 異種間の求婚は通常は稀であり,先天的な抑制メカニズムを示唆する.
研究 の 目的:
- 果物ハエにおける生殖的孤立の神経的および遺伝的基盤を調査する.
- 種間の求愛を妨げる特定の分子経路を特定する.
主な方法:
- ドロソフィラ・メラノガスターの遺伝子操作とニューロン活動記録を利用した.
- 化学受容体Gr32aと転写因子Fruitless (Fru(M)) の役割を調べました.
- Gr32aとFru(M) のニューロン間の神経回路の相互作用を調査した.
主要な成果:
- 化学受容体Gr32aは,雄のドロソフィラ・メラノガスターが他の果物ハエの種と交尾することを積極的に阻害する.
- Gr32aを発現するニューロンの活動は,種間の求愛を防ぐために必要かつ十分である.
- フルーツレス (Fru(M)) は,また,G32aニューロンを含む共有ニューラル回路の証拠を持つ,種間の求愛を阻害します.
- 特定のメカニズムは,同種のオスと他の種のオスとの求愛を妨げます.
結論:
- Gr32aとFru(M) 調節遺伝子が関与する化学感知経路は,雄の果物ハエの種間求愛を抑制する重要なメカニズムを形成する.
- この経路は,他の雄性ドロソフィリドに保存されているようで,生殖分離に貢献しています.
- 女性では観察されていませんが,これらの発見は,種特有の求愛行動に対する遺伝的コントロールを強調しています.
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