カデリン媒介の相互作用のネットワークは,成長を極化させ,標的の特異性を決定する
Tina Schwabe1, Helen Neuert, Thomas R Clandinin
1Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Cell
|July 23, 2013
まとめ
ドロソフィラの光受容体軸突は,過剰な細胞粘着分子であるN-カデリンとフラミンゴを使用して,成長コンを誘導します. これにより,粘着性相互作用のネットワークを通じて,視覚システムの正確な配線を確保します.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
背景:
- ニューロンの成長コーンは,シナプス的なパートナーを見つけるために複雑な環境をナビゲートします.
- 粘着剤は成長コンの動きを誘導するが,統合メカニズムは不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- ドロソフィラの光受容体成長がシナプスパートナーをどのように選択するかを調査する.
- 光受容体アクソンターゲティングを誘導するN-カデリンとフラミンゴの役割を解明する.
主な方法:
- ドロソフィラの視覚系をモデルとして利用した.
- 古典的なカデリン (N-カデリン) と非典型的なカデリン (フラミンゴ) の機能を調べました.
- 成長コーンフィロポディアの分布とカデリンのサブセルラー局所を分析した.
主要な成果:
- N-カデリンとフラミンゴは,光受容体軸索のターゲティングを誘導するために冗長的に作用します.
- これらの分子は成長コーンフィロポディアをバイアスし,接触前にシナプス標的に向かって分極化させます.
- カデリンは,異なる領域に局所化し,複数の成長コーンにわたる粘着相互作用のネットワークを形成します.
結論:
- N-カデリンとフラミンゴによって媒介される冗長性粘着相互作用は,視覚系の高信頼性配線を確保します.
- このネットワークメカニズムは,ニューロンの配線に関する一般的な原理を示唆しています.
- 精密なシナプスパートナーの選択は,統合された粘着性シグナルによって達成されます.
関連する概念動画
01:19Cadherins in Tissue Organization
The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
Cell Sorting During Development
Cell sorting plays an...
Cell Sorting During Development
Cell sorting plays an...
01:25Structure of Cadherins
The cadherins were one of the first cell adhesion molecules discovered; the term “cadherins” is based on their calcium-dependent adhering properties. The first cadherins discovered on the epithelial, neuronal, and placental cells were named E-cadherin, P-cadherin, and N-cadherin, respectively. These classical cadherins share sequence and structural similarities. Other cadherins, including those involved in cell signaling, are grouped into non-classical cadherins. This diversity of cadherins...
01:21Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins
Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
01:32Cytoskeletal Coordination in Cell Migration
A migrating cell changes its shape during the cyclic events of attachment and detachment from the substratum and repositions the cell organelles correspondingly. These complex events are orchestrated by the dynamic cytoskeletal network comprising actin filaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. Cytoskeletal crosstalk — the direct and indirect communication between the different components — is crucial for this coordination. Direct communication involves various linker proteins that...
01:31Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation
Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
01:23Catenins
Catenins are characterized by multiple binding domains and dynamic structures that allow them to function as linker proteins in cell junction complexes. All catenins, except α-catenin, contain a characteristic protein sequence called the armadillo repeat and are therefore also called armadillo proteins.
Catenins in Cell Junctions
Catenins bind to cell adhesion molecules such as cadherins and link them to different cytoskeletal proteins depending on the type of cell junction. At the adherens...
Catenins in Cell Junctions
Catenins bind to cell adhesion molecules such as cadherins and link them to different cytoskeletal proteins depending on the type of cell junction. At the adherens...