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マントルからの高速接続でアンデシット噴火を栄養する
Philipp Ruprecht1, Terry Plank
1Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, New York 10964, USA. ruprecht@ldeo.columbia.edu
Nature
|August 2, 2013
まとめ
マントルに由来するマグマは,厚い地殻を数ヶ月から数年のうちに移動し,噴火中に火山を再充電することができます. この研究は,オリヴィン結晶分析を用いてマグマの急速な上昇を明らかにし,火山の動乱をより深く監視することを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 地質化学 地質化学
- 火山学 火山学とは
- ペトロロジー・ペトロロジーとは
背景:
- 収束縁火山は,マントルによって生成されたマグマから発生します.
- 寒冷化やマグマの混合などの地殻の過程は,マントルと噴火のつながりを隠している.
- 地質物理学的方法は,下層と中層の地殻のマグマダイナミクスのイメージングに限界があります.
研究 の 目的:
- マントル由来のマグマが地殻を通って上昇する時間スケールを決定するために.
- 地殻のマグマ室がどれだけ早く充電されるかを理解するために.
- マントルの源泉と地表の火山活動との関連を調査する.
主な方法:
- 原始オリビンのニッケルゾナーションプロフィールの利用拡散モデリング.
- 火山噴火で発生した原発融解のオリヴィン結晶を分析した.
- コスタリカのイラズー火山にこの方法を適用した.
主要な成果:
- マントルの再充電は,噴火の持続時間と比較できる時間スケールで起こる可能性があります.
- イラズー火山のマグマは,地殻の35キロメートルを数ヶ月から数年にわたって上昇します.
- 層火山の浅いマグマ室は,深いマントルの起源の記録を保持することができます.
結論:
- この研究は,マントルから表面へのマグマの急速な通過を,収束する縁の設定で実証しています.
- オリヴィン拡散モデリングは,マグマ上昇のタイムスケールを追跡するための新しいアプローチを提供します.
- 将来の火山の動乱のモニタリングには,地殻の底からマグマの動きを追跡する機能が組み込まれなければならない.
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