現在および元米軍人における自殺に関連するリスク要因
Cynthia A LeardMann1, Teresa M Powell, Tyler C Smith
1Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California 92106-3521, USA. cynthia.leardmann@med.navy.mil
JAMA
|August 9, 2013
まとめ
軍の自殺リスクは,戦闘展開ではなく,男性性およびうつ病や双極性障害などの精神疾患に関連しています. これらの発見は,軍人のためのより良い予防戦略を開発するのに役立ちます.
科学分野:
- 軍用医療研究について
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- メンタルヘルス研究 メンタルヘルス研究
背景:
- アメリカ軍の自殺率は2005年から大幅に増加した.
- 以前は,戦闘配備が主な原動力だと考えられていた.
- 以前の研究では,服役期間と服役後の期間をリンクする縦線データがなかった.
研究 の 目的:
- 現在および元米軍人における自殺リスク要因を将来的に特定し,定量化する.
- 人口,軍事,精神的健康,行動,配備の特徴を検証する.
- 異なるサービス部門とステータス (アクティブ,リザーブ / ナショナル・ガード) に関する自殺リスクの分析.
主な方法:
- ミレニアムコホート研究 (2001年−2007年) の151560人の参加者を対象に実施された前向きの長期研究.
- 2008年12月31日までの全国死亡指数と国防総省の医療死亡記録とのデータリンク.
- コックス比例リスクモデルとマッチしたケース・コントロール分析を用いた.
主要な成果:
- 追跡期間707,493人年間で83件の自殺が報告されました.
- 自殺のリスクの増加は,男性性,うつ病,躁うつ病,アルコール関連の問題と関連していました.
- 配備に関連する要因 (戦闘経験,期間,配備回数) は,自殺リスクの増加と有意に関連していない.
結論:
- 軍人における自殺リスクは,男性性および精神障害と独立して関連しています.
- 配備歴を含む軍事特有の変数は,この研究において有意なリスク要因ではなかった.
- 発見は,軍における自殺予防のために,精神的健康と行動要因に焦点を当てることを示唆しています.
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