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コミュニティの災害に対するメンタルヘルス対応:体系的なレビュー

Carol S North1, Betty Pfefferbaum

  • 1VA North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, USA. carol.north@utsouthwestern.edu < &

JAMA
|August 9, 2013
PubMed
まとめ

災害時のメンタルヘルスサービスを必要とする個人を特定し,トリアージするために,体系的なアプローチが必要です. 活発な精神疾患の治療には,証拠に基づいた治療法が存在しますが,心理社会的介入の有効性は,さらなる評価を必要とします.

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Stress is a multifaceted response to events perceived as challenging or threatening, highlighting physical, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions. Physically, stress can lead to fatigue, sleep disruptions, and various health issues such as frequent colds, chest pains, and nausea. Emotionally, it can manifest as anxiety, depression, irritability, and anger triggered by both minor and major life events. Cognitively, it may result in difficulty in concentration, memory, and...
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Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
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Community-based interventions in mental health represent a paradigm shift from institution-centered care to treatments embedded within the fabric of local communities. By prioritizing inclusion and leveraging existing societal structures, this approach fosters a supportive environment conducive to addressing mental health challenges while promoting individual dignity and agency.
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Central to the success of community-based interventions is the...
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Self-help support groups are voluntary, community-based organizations that provide a platform for individuals with shared concerns to exchange support, insights, and practical strategies for coping with life challenges. Typically led by group members or paraprofessionals, these groups form a cornerstone of mental health care, especially in reaching populations that are underserved by traditional healthcare systems.
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