RNP組成のトランスクリプトーム全体のアトラスは,mRNAsとlncRNAsの多様なクラスを明らかにします
Alex Charles Tuck1, David Tollervey1
1The University of Edinburgh, Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology, Michael Swann Building, Kings Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, UK.
Cell
|September 3, 2013
まとめ
メッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) とロングノンコーディングRNA (lncRNA) は,同じ処理ステップを共有しているが,運命的には異なる. トランスクリプトの運命は3'エンド形成によって決定され,ほとんどのlncRNAは核監視を受けています.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- RNA 生物学 RNA 生物学
背景:
- ユカリオットのゲノムは,多様なメッセンジャーRNA (mRNA) と長いノンコーディングRNA (lncRNA) を生成する.
- 両方のRNAタイプはRNAポリメラーゼIIによって転写され,5'キャピングと3'ポリアデニレーションを受けます.
- 重要な違いは,mRNAがタンパク質に変換され,lncRNAはタンパク質をコードしないことです.
研究 の 目的:
- mRNAとlncRNAの運命を区別する分子機構を調査する.
- 酵母における重要なRNA処理,輸出,およびターンオーバー要因のトランスクリプトーム全体の標的を特定する.
- トランスクリプトの成熟経路がmRNAとlncRNAの間でどのように異なるかを理解する.
主な方法:
- 発芽酵母におけるRNA処理因子のトランスクリプトーム全体の分析.
- mRNA と lncRNA の成熟経路の比較分析.
- 3'エンド形成と核輸出に影響を与える要因の特定.
主要な成果:
- トランスクリプトの運命は,主に3'エンド処理で決定されます.
- ほとんどのlncRNAは,核RNAの監視経路に導かれています.
- mRNAのような3'端を持つlncRNAsのサブセットが細胞質に輸出される.
- Hrp1およびNab2タンパク質は,mRNA処理とlncRNA監視において二重の役割を果たしています.
- mRNAのサブセットは"lncRNAのような"特徴を示し,核監視によって規制されます.
結論:
- 3'エンド形成は,mRNA vs. lncRNAの運命を決定する際の重要なチェックポイントです.
- Hrp1やNab2のようなRNA処理因子は,トランスクリプトの運命決定を指揮する.
- 核監視機構は,また,特定のmRNAの成熟と輸出にも影響を及ぼします.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
02:39lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
02:39lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
02:24Ribosome Profiling
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
02:53Ribosomal RNA Synthesis
Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
03:21RNA-seq
RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases.
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while microarray-based...
02:22Regulated mRNA Transport
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing specific...