テトラベンゾ[8]サーキュレネ: 負の曲線グラフェンの芳香のサドル
Youichi Sakamoto1, Toshiyasu Suzuki
1Institute for Molecular Science , Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 11, 2013
まとめ
研究者は,3Dグラフェン構造にインスパイアされた新しい芳香のサドル分子,テトラベンゾ[8]サーキュレン (TB8C) とその派生体OM-TB8Cを合成しました. TB8Cは非平面のサドル形を持ち,その溶液構造に影響を与える低エネルギーシドオロテーションがあり,OM-TB8Cはp型半導体として機能します.
科学分野:
- マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
- 有機化学 オーガニック・ケミストリー
- コンピューティング・ケミストリー
背景:
- 新しい炭素アロトロップと曲線アロマティックシステムの探査.
- 立体グラフェンアナログの設計原則.
研究 の 目的:
- 新種のアロマティックサドル分子を合成し,特徴づけること.
- これらの化合物の構造的ダイナミクスと電子特性を研究する.
主な方法:
- テトラベンゾ[8]サーキュレン (TB8C) とOM-TB8C.の合成のためのショール反応
- 構造的決定のための単結晶X線結晶学.
- 密度関数理論 (DFT) は,構成分析と移行状態のための計算である.
- 解決状態構造分析.
主要な成果:
- TB8CとOM-TB8Cの合成が成功し,深いサドル形が示されました.
- TB8Cは,S4対称性を持つ2つのコンフォマーを示し,平面的なDFT構造から逸脱しています.
- TB8Cの逆転 (7.3 kcal mol ((-1)) について,低エネルギーシドオロテーション経路が特定されました.
- TB8Cの溶液構造は,詰め込み力や擬似回転により,結晶構造と異なる.
- OM-TB8Cは電子ドナーおよびp型半導体としての有用性を実証しました.
結論:
- 3Dグラフェンモチーフに基づく芳香のサドル分子を合成することができます.
- 構造の柔軟性と形状の動態は,曲線アロマティックシステムの性質において重要な役割を果たします.
- OM-TB8Cは,オーガニック・エレクトロニクスにおける応用の可能性を示しています.
関連する概念動画
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Cations: Structural Overview
Cycloheptatriene is a neutral monocyclic unsaturated hydrocarbon that consists of an odd number of carbon atoms and an intervening sp3 carbon in the ring. The three double bonds in the ring correspond to 6 π electrons, which is a Huckel number, and therefore satisfies the criteria of 4n + 2 π electrons. However, the intervening sp3 carbon disrupts the continuous overlap of p orbitals. As a result, cycloheptatriene is not aromatic.
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group with both...
Removing one hydrogen from the intervening CH2 group with both...
Frost Circles for Different Conjugated Systems
The inscribed polygon method is consistent with Hückel’s 4n + 2 rule and helps to learn whether the given cyclic compound is aromatic or not. The compound is stable and aromatic if every bonding molecular orbital (MO) is completely filled with a pair of electrons. However, if the non-bonding or antibonding orbitals are filled with electrons, the compound is unstable and not aromatic. Consider the Frost circle diagrams for cycloalkenes containing 4 to 8 carbons.
Criteria for Aromaticity and the Hückel 4n + 2 Rule
Like benzene, cyclobutadiene and cyclooctatetraene are cyclic compounds with alternate single and double bonds. However, their chemical behavior differs from benzene, as they are unstable and not aromatic. So, what are the structural characteristics of unsaturated compounds categorized as aromatic?
For the first time, Eric Hückel, a German chemical physicist, derived a set of structural features for a compound to be classified as aromatic. This is now known as Hückel’s rule or the 4n + 2 rule.
For the first time, Eric Hückel, a German chemical physicist, derived a set of structural features for a compound to be classified as aromatic. This is now known as Hückel’s rule or the 4n + 2 rule.
π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Aromatic and Antiaromatic Compounds
In aromatic compounds, such as benzene, the circulation of (4n + 2) π-electrons sets up a diamagnetic or diatropic ring current around the perimeter of the molecule. This current induces a magnetic field that opposes the external field inside the ring and reinforces it on the outside. The protons in benzene are deshielded and exhibit high chemical shifts in the range 6.5–8.5 ppm. The shielding effect at the center of the ring is evident in complex aromatic molecules, such as annulenes. In...
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Anions: Structural Overview
Neutral hydrocarbons like cyclopentadiene with an odd number of carbon atoms and one intervening CH2 group in the ring are not aromatic. Cyclopentadiene with 4 π electrons does not satisfy the 4n + 2 π electron rule. Additionally, the intervening CH2 group is sp3 hybridized and lacks a vacant p orbital, thereby interrupting the overlap of p orbitals in a continuous manner and preventing the delocalization of π electrons throughout the ring.
Due to the absence of continuous overlap of p...
Due to the absence of continuous overlap of p...
Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane
The chair conformation is the most stable form of cyclohexane due to the absence of angle and torsional strain. The absence of angle strain is a result of cyclohexane’s bond angle being very close to the ideal tetrahedral bond angle of 109.5° in its chair conformer. Similarly, the torsional strain is also absent owing to the perfectly staggered arrangement of bonds.
The hydrogen atoms linked to carbons are arranged in two different axial and equatorial orientations to achieve this staggered...
The hydrogen atoms linked to carbons are arranged in two different axial and equatorial orientations to achieve this staggered...


