関連する実験動画
Updated: May 7, 2026

06:27
Simulating Impacts of Ice Storms on Forest Ecosystems
Published on: June 30, 2020
気候が人間の紛争に及ぼす影響の量化
Solomon M Hsiang1, Marshall Burke, Edward Miguel
1Program in Science, Technology and Environmental Policy, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. shsiang@berkeley.edu
まとめ
気候変動は,人間の紛争を著しく助長しています. 温暖な気温と極端な降雨により,暴力が増加し,地球温暖化により,世界中の紛争が拡大する可能性がある.
科学分野:
- 気候科学,社会科学,人文科学を組み合わせた学際的な研究.
背景:
- 気候変動と人間の紛争との関連が示唆される証拠が増えています.
- 以前の研究では,包括的な分析や定量的な厳格性が欠けていたことが多い.
研究 の 目的:
- 気候と紛争に関する最も厳格な定量的な研究をまとめ,分析する.
- 人間の紛争に対する気候の因果的な影響の範囲と性質を確立する.
主な方法:
- 60件の高品質の定量研究の体系的レビューとメタ解析.
- 考古学,犯罪学,経済学,地理学,歴史学,政治学,心理学を含む多様な学問の分析.
- 様々な空間・時間スケールや世界の地域における発見の検討.
主要な成果:
- 証拠の有意な収束は,気候現象と人間紛争の間の因果関係を確認しています.
- 温暖化や極端な降雨への気候の1標準偏差の上昇は,個人間の暴力の4%の増加と,集団間の紛争の14%の増加と相関しています.
- 気候変動が紛争に与える影響は大きく,地理的に広く広がっています.
結論:
- 気候の変化は,人間の紛争の頻度と強度を明らかに増加させる.
- 2050年までに2〜4の標準偏差で予測される地球温暖化は,実質的に拡大された紛争率につながる可能性があります.
- 人為的な気候変動に対処することは,将来の社会的不安定性と暴力を緩和するために不可欠です.
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