関連する実験動画
Updated: May 5, 2026
09:00
Live Cell Imaging of Early Autophagy Events: Omegasomes and Beyond
Published on: July 27, 2013
18.5K
さまざまな自己ファゴソーム膜の源は,エンドソームのリサイクルに合わさります
Claudia Puri1, Maurizio Renna, Carla F Bento
1Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK.
Cell
|September 17, 2013
まとめ
オートファゴソーム形成は,mATG9およびATG16L1タンパク質を含む膀の融合を伴う. 飢餓によって調節されるこの融合プロセスは,細胞のオートファギーを微調整する.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- オートファジー研究 オートファジー研究
背景:
- オートファジックタンパク質の分解は,オートファゴソームがリソソームと融合することに依存しています.
- オートファゴソームの膜起源は多面的であるが,異なる膜源間の融合イベントは不明である.
- mATG9は,細胞の様々な部位で観察されたベシクルを持つ唯一のトランスメブランのオートファジータンパク質ですが,哺乳類の細胞での融合ダイナミクスは可視化されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 哺乳類の細胞におけるオートファゴソームの生体生成過程における異なる膜源の融合ダイナミクスを調査する.
- オートファゴソーム形成におけるmATG9とATG16L1の膀取引と融合の役割を明らかにする.
- 飢餓のような生理学的条件が,これらの膜融合現象をどのように調節するかを理解するために.
主な方法:
- 顕微鏡を用いてmATG9とATG16L1の水泡密輸を追跡する.
- リサイクルエンドソームでVAMP3依存の異型融合を調査する.
- エンドソームのリサイクルから生じる膜の退出がオートファゴソーム形成に与える影響を分析した.
- 飢餓が膀融合と膜リサイクルに及ぼす影響を評価する.
主要な成果:
- mATG9およびATG16L1ベシクルの輸送は,異なる経路経由でエンドソームをリサイクルする.
- mATG9-とATG16L1-を含む膀間のVAMP3依存型異型融合は,エンドソームのリサイクル時に発生する.
- これらの融合は,自己ファゴソーム形成と相関し,それを強化する.
- 飢餓は膜のリサイクルを減らし,mATG9-ATG16L1の膀融合を促進し,規制的な役割を果たしていることを示しています.
結論:
- mATG9とATG16L1ベシキュルのVAMP3依存型異型融合を伴う自相相細胞生物発生の新たなメカニズムが,リサイクルエンドソームで特定されました.
- この融合プロセスは,オートファゴソーム形成の重要なステップであり,細胞飢餓によって調節されます.
- この発見は,オートファージ反応が生理学的シグナルに微調整されるメカニズムを示唆している.
関連する概念動画
01:28The Early Endosome: Endocytosis of Transferrin
4.1K
Essential proteins such as insulin or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and micronutrients such as iron enter a eukaryotic cell through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Subsequently, the early endosomes fuse with the vesicles containing such receptor-ligand complexes and play a vital role in sorting the incoming ligands and receptors. While the ligands are either degraded inside the vesicle or released into the cytosol, their receptors are returned to the plasma membrane for further rounds of...
4.1K
01:28Maturation of Endosomes
5.1K
The early endosome containing internalized molecules matures through transformations in its location, morphology, intraluminal pH, and membrane protein composition. Together, these changes result in a more acidic late endosome that contains multiple intraluminal vesicles; therefore, the late endosome is also called a multivesicular body (MVB).
Changes in location
The maturing endosome moves along microtubules from the periphery of the cell towards the perinuclear region. This movement of the...
Changes in location
The maturing endosome moves along microtubules from the periphery of the cell towards the perinuclear region. This movement of the...
5.1K
01:38Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies
4.0K
Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...
4.0K
00:58Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis
2.8K
The recycling endosome, also known as the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC), is a part of the slow-recycling process of the endocytic pathway. Molecules internalized through receptor-mediated endocytosis are either degraded in the lysosomes or are recycled to the plasma membrane through the fast- or slow-recycling route.
The recycling endosome is not a single organelle but an extensively tubulated network of recycling pathways. It functions in storing molecules or transporting them across...
The recycling endosome is not a single organelle but an extensively tubulated network of recycling pathways. It functions in storing molecules or transporting them across...
2.8K
01:36Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome
7.6K
Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
7.6K
01:27Autophagy
5.0K
Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
5.0K