高齢患者の運動制限:臨床レビュー
Cynthia J Brown1, Kellie L Flood
1Birmingham/Atlanta VA Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. cynthiabrown@uabmc.edu
JAMA
|September 19, 2013
まとめ
移動制限のリスクのある高齢者を特定することは,定期的なスクリーニングで可能です. 運動とモビリティアイドは,モビリティーに問題のある人の機能と生活の質を向上させることができます.
科学分野:
- ゲロントロジーはゲロントロジーの学科です.
- 理学療法による理学療法です.
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 移動能力の制限は,高齢者の身体的,心理的,社会的幸福に大きく影響を与えます.
- モビリティの問題の蔓延は,プライマリケア環境における標的の介入を必要とします.
研究 の 目的:
- 高齢者の移動制限のリスク要因を特定する.
- スクリーニングツール,医療管理,そして理学療法介入をレビューする.
- 高齢なプライマリーケア患者における運動による移動能力改善の有効性を評価する.
主な方法:
- PubMedとPEDroのデータベース (1985年−2013年) の体系的なレビュー
- 移動制限と介入に関する体系的レビュー,メタ解析,コクランレビューの含有.
- キーワード: 運動制限,歩行障害,外出障害.
主要な成果:
- 主要な危険因子には,高齢化,運動不足,肥満,慢性疾患 (糖尿病,関節炎など) が含まれる.
- アムブラトリー・モビリティに関する様々な評価ツールが存在し,理学療法への紹介が推奨されています.
- 抵抗とバランスの練習は,弱点とバランスを改善する強力な証拠を示しています. 環境評価とモビリティデバイスは不可欠です.
結論:
- 定期的な外出スクリーニングは,リスクの高い高齢者を特定することができます.
- 機能的欠陥や環境的障壁に対処する介入は,結果を改善します.
- 運動および移動能力のデバイスは,移動能力の制限のある高齢者の機能,安全,および生活の質を向上させます.
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