腫瘍の異質性と癌細胞の可塑性について

Corbin E Meacham¹, Sean J Morrison

¹Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.

Nature

|September 20, 2013

まとめ

癌細胞の異質性は,腫瘍の多様性を誘発する. 系統追跡と深層配列解析を用いたさらなる研究は,がん幹細胞モデルが治療抵抗性や疾患進行における役割を理解するために必要である.

科学分野:

腫瘍学腫瘍学
がん生物学がん生物学
遺伝学遺伝学とは

背景:

癌細胞は,フェノタイプにおいて有意な異質性を示し,単一の腫瘍内で機能する.
この多様性は,遺伝的変異,微環境的要因,そして適応性の高い細胞特性から生じる.
階層的なモデルでは,いくつかの癌は,腫瘍原性がん幹細胞から発生し,非腫瘍原性細胞に微分化することを示唆しています.

研究の目的:

癌の幹細胞モデルの罹患率と臨床的影響を様々な癌で調査する.
癌の幹細胞モデルが,治療抵抗性や疾患進行などの臨床行動を説明する程度を決定する.

主な方法:

系統追跡技術を活用して,がん細胞の集団を時間とともに追跡する.
腫瘍内の遺伝的変化とクローン進化を分析するために,ディープシーケンシングを使用します.

主要な成果:

がんの幹細胞モデルに固執するがんの割合は,まだ完全に解明されていない.
この研究は,モデルの説明力を明確にするための将来の研究のための舞台を設定します.

結論:

癌細胞の異質性を理解することは,効果的ながん治療法の開発に不可欠です.
系統追跡とディープシーケンシングは,がん幹細胞モデルを精錬し,治療上の課題に取り組むために有望である.

さらに関連する動画

11:42

Induction of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transitions in Sarcoma Cells

Published on: April 7, 2017

8.4K

08:32

Enrichment and Characterization of the Tumor Immune and Non-immune Microenvironments in Established Subcutaneous Murine Tumors

Published on: June 7, 2018

9.7K

関連する概念動画

02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

6.3K

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...

6.3K

02:30

Metastasis

5.4K

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...

5.4K

02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

4.3K

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...