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関連する概念動画

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Cells of the Epidermis01:24

Cells of the Epidermis

The epidermis is made of four or five layers of epithelial cells, depending on its location in the body. From deep to superficial, these layers are the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
The cells in all these layers except the stratum basale are called keratinocytes, a type of cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin. The keratinocytes in the stratum corneum are dead and regularly slough away, being replaced by cells from...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 7, 2026

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
08:49

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model

Published on: May 18, 2018

皮膚性メラノーマは皮膚性メラノーマである.

Alexander M M Eggermont1, Alan Spatz2, Caroline Robert3

  • 1Melanoma Unit and INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy Cancer Institute, Grand Paris, Villejuif, France; Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.

Lancet (London, England)
|September 24, 2013
PubMed
まとめ

メラノーマの研究の進歩には,新しい遺伝子と,BRAF阻害剤のような標的治療法が含まれています. 治療により生存率が向上する一方で,転移性メラノーマの予後は依然として不良であり,より良いバイオマーカーと免疫療法の必要性を強調しています.

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Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells
06:09

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells

Published on: June 7, 2019

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model
12:37

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Published on: September 7, 2013

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 7, 2026

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
08:49

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model

Published on: May 18, 2018

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells
06:09

Spatial and Temporal Control of Murine Melanoma Initiation from Mutant Melanocyte Stem Cells

Published on: June 7, 2019

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model
12:37

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model

Published on: September 7, 2013

科学分野:

  • 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
  • 皮膚科 皮膚科について
  • 免疫学 免疫学とは

背景:

  • 過去10年間,メラノーマの遺伝学と治療を理解する上で顕著な進展がありました.
  • BRAF変異は,メラノーマの治療戦略に影響を与える重要な体的イベントです.

研究 の 目的:

  • メラノーマの理解,治療,および予後に関する最近の進歩をレビューする.
  • 免疫調節と標的薬の組み合わせを含む新興治療法について議論する.
  • メラノーマ治療における予測バイオマーカーの継続的な探求を強調するため.

主な方法:

  • メラノーマに関する最新の科学文献のレビュー.
  • 外科的および全身的治療アプローチの分析.
  • 免疫療法 (アンチ-CTLA4,アンチ-PD1,アンチ-PDL1) と標的療法 (BRAF,MEK阻害剤) の評価について

主要な成果:

  • 局所性メラノーマでは手術が標準であり,センチネルノード生検はステージを特定するのに役立つが,生存には役立たない.
  • 標的型療法 (BRAF/MEK阻害剤) は高い応答率を示しているが,耐性のために耐久性は限られている.
  • Anti-PD1/anti-PDL1抗体のような免疫療法では,高い応答率と持続的な結果が得られます.
  • 治療効果を予測するバイオマーカーは,補助療法との関連があるにもかかわらず,依然として難解である.

結論:

  • 転移性メラノーマの予後は,治療の進歩にもかかわらず,依然として悪いままです.
  • 組み合わせ療法と新種の免疫療法が有望だが,さらなる研究が必要である.
  • 信頼性の高いバイオマーカーを特定することは,メラノーマ治療の最適化と患者のアウトカム予測に不可欠です.