衝撃圧縮物質における格子ダイナミクスの5秒間の可視化

D Milathianaki¹, S Boutet, G J Williams

¹SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA. despina@slac.stanford.edu

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 12, 2013

まとめ

超高速フェムト秒X線微分法により,銅が検出される.

科学分野:

マテリアルサイエンス材料科学
固体力学固体力学とは
凝縮物質物理学凝縮物質物理学

背景:

超高速の微細構造の進化を理解することは,高圧および張張率現象にとって極めて重要です.
原子学的シミュレーションスケールでの格子ダイナミクスを視覚化することは,依然として重要な課題です.

研究の目的:

レーザーショック圧縮下で銅のダイナミック反応を調査する.
フェムト秒の時間スケールとマイクロメートルの空間解像度で格子ダイナミクスを視覚化します.

主な方法:

フェムト秒のX線 difraktion測定. フェムト秒のX線 difraktion測定. フェムト秒のX線 difraktion測定. フェムト秒のX線 difraktion測定.
銅のサンプルをレーザーショック圧縮.
インサイトで高精度の材料強度測定.

主要な成果:

銅の格子が1Dの弾性から3Dのプラスチックのリラクゼーションへとピコ秒で進化する様子を観察した.
達成したピークの正常弾力性張力は ~73 GPaであり,張力比率は 10^9 s^-1.
プラスチックリラクゼーション中に18GPaに達する測定された切断張力.

結論:

この研究は,極端な条件下で物質の行動に関する前例のない洞察を提供します.
実験データとアトミスティックシミュレーションを直接比較することが可能になりました.
クリティカルスケールでのダイナミックな物質特性の理解を進める.

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