サイトクロームP450は,真菌のメロテルペノイドバイオシンセシス中に予期せぬテルペンサイクラスとして機能する
Yit-Heng Chooi1, Young J Hong, Ralph A Cacho
1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 29, 2013
まとめ
菌類のメロテルペノイドであるViridicatumtoxinは,典型的なテルペンサイクラースなしで合成されます. サイトクロームP450酵素であるVrtKは,その複雑なスパイロビサイクルのリング形成を特異的に触媒化する.
科学分野:
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
- 自然製品化学 自然製品化学
- 酵素学 酵素学とは
背景:
- ビリディカトムトキシン (1) は,独特のスパイロサイクルのリングシステムによって特徴づけられる真菌のメロテルペノイドです.
- そのような複雑な構造の生物合成には,しばしば専用のテルペンサイクラスが関与しており,それらは特にPenicillium aethiopicumの特定された遺伝子クラスターに欠けていました.
研究 の 目的:
- ヴァリジカトトキシン生物合成の仕組み,特にそのユニークなスパイロビサイクリックコアの形成を解明する.
- カノニカルなテルペンサイクラゼがない場合,サイクライゼーションステップに責任を負う酵素を特定し,特徴づけること.
主な方法:
- サイトクロームP450酵素VrtEとVrtKの役割を調べました.
- VrtK.を発現させるように設計されたSaccharomyces cerevisiaeの亜循環性プレビリジカトキシンを用いた栄養実験を行った.
- 量子化学モデリングを用いて,反応中間物質と経路を調査した.
主要な成果:
- サイトクロームP450 VrtEはC5-水酸化を触媒化し,VrtKはスパイロビサイクルの環形成を担っている.
- VrtKは,previridicatumtoxinのゲラニル分子をサイクリングするために必要な唯一の酵素であると確認されました.
- 量子化学モデリングは,新しい三次カルボケーション中間体 (E) と,アルキルシフトとフリーデル・クラフトのアルキル化を含む反応機構を提案した.
結論:
- VrtKは,テルペンの循環を触媒化する能力を持つ最初の特定されたシトクロームP450酵素を表しています.
- 提案されたメカニズムは,P450媒介による酸化がカルボケーション形成を開始し,再編成とサイクル化が続くことを含む.
- 計算による研究は,前例のないこのテルペン循環反応のステレオ化学的過程の洞察を提供した.
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