地球の乾燥地帯における乾燥度の関数として,土壌の栄養循環の分離
Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo1, Fernando T Maestre, Antonio Gallardo
11] Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera, kilómetro 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain [2] Area de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Calle Tulipán Sin Número, 28933 Móstoles, Spain.
Nature
|November 1, 2013
まとめ
気候変動によって引き起こされる乾燥は,乾燥地帯における不可欠な栄養素の循環を乱す可能性があります. 干ばつの増加は,土壌の炭素 (C) と窒素 (N) を減少させ,リン (P) を増加させ,これらの重要な生地化学的サイクルを切り離します.
科学分野:
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- バイオジオケミストリー バイオジオケミストリー
- 環境科学 環境科学
背景:
- 炭素 (C),窒素 (N),リン (P) の生地化学循環は,陸上の生態系にとって極めて重要です.
- これらのサイクルは,特に気候変動下で,異なる生物学的および地化学的な制御により,分離することがあります.
- 乾燥地帯の生態系は特に乾燥に敏感であり,水資源が生物学的活動を左右している.
研究 の 目的:
- 干ばつの増加が世界の乾燥地帯におけるC,N,Pサイクルのバランスにどのように影響するかを調査する.
- 気候変動がこれらの脆弱な地域における栄養素の利用可能性と生態系サービスの破壊の可能性を評価する.
主な方法:
- すべての大陸 (南極を除く) の224の乾燥地の土壌サンプルを分析した.
- 乾燥度と土壌の有機C,総N,および無機Pの濃度の関係に関する評価.
- 植物の覆いの影響と,物理的な気象と生物学的分解過程のバランスの評価.
主要な成果:
- 乾燥度は,土壌の有機C濃度と総N濃度と負の相関関係にある.
- 乾燥度は,土壌の無機性P濃度と正の相関関係にある.
- 干ばつの増加は,植物被覆面の減少と関連しており,生物学的分解よりも物理的な気象を好む.
結論:
- 予想される干ばつの増加は,CとNを減少させ,乾燥地帯の土壌ではPを増加させる可能性が高い.
- これらのシフトは,C,N,Pサイクルを切り離し,世界中の乾燥地帯の重要な生態系サービスを損なう可能性があります.
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