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免疫抑制性CD71+赤血球細胞は,新生児の宿主の感染に対する防御を損なう
Shokrollah Elahi1, James M Ertelt, Jeremy M Kinder
1Division of Infectious Diseases and Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA.
Nature
|November 8, 2013
まとめ
新生児は新生児である.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 新生児の発達について
- ホストの防御メカニズム
背景:
- 新生児の乳児は,感染症に対する感受性が高くなります.
- 免疫細胞の不成熟は,新生児の免疫力の低下の主な説明である.
- 免疫応答の変動性は,新生児の低反応性について統一的な説明を必要とします.
研究 の 目的:
- 新生児におけるCD71 (((+) エリソイド細胞の免疫抑制特性を調査する.
- 新生児の免疫抑制におけるアルギナゼ-2の役割を明らかにする.
- CD71 (((+) 細胞の感染感受性と保護における二重機能を理解する.
主な方法:
- 大人の免疫細胞と新生児の免疫細胞の共同培養.
- 成人細胞を新生児マウスに移植する.
- アルギナーゼ-2とL-アルギニンの補給の分子阻害.
- 新生児マウスのCD71 (((+) 細胞の消去.
- 細菌のないマウスと抗菌剤を投与したマウスの研究.
主要な成果:
- 新生児の生理学的に濃縮されたCD71 (((+) エリソイド細胞は,独特の免疫抑制特性を有する.
- 新生児のCD71 (((+) 細胞は,免疫抑制に不可欠なアルギナゼ-2を発現し,その抑制またはL-アルギニンを補充することで,この効果は逆転する.
- 新生児のCD71 (((+) 細胞の除去または減少は,免疫抑制の低下と,Listeria monocytogenesやEscherichia coliのような病原体に対する抵抗性の増加と相関しています.
- CD71 (((+) 細胞は,分娩後の共生微生物の植民によって引き起こされる過度の腸炎から保護します.
結論:
- 感染症に対する新生児の感受性は,固有の免疫細胞の欠陥からのみ生じるわけではない.
- CD71 (((+) エリソイド細胞は,新生児の免疫反応のバランスをとる上で重要な役割を果たし,微生物の植民による炎症を和らげる.
- これらの発見は,新生児の免疫抑制の発達的必要性を示唆し,宿主の防御を強化するための戦略に影響を与えます.
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