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Mitochondria
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深いマントルの条件下での溶けた玄武岩の構造の変化
Chrystèle Sanloup1, James W E Drewitt, Zuzana Konôpková
11] Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions and School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, UK [2] Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UMR-CNRS 7193, Institut des Sciences de la Terre Paris, F-75005, Paris, France.
Nature
|November 9, 2013
まとめ
高圧により,シリケート溶融構造が変化し,地球の深いプロセスに影響を与えます. この研究は,溶けた玄武岩で極度の圧力下でシリコンの調整が変化し,溶融の圧縮性や元素の分割に影響を及ぼすことを明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 地質化学 地質化学
- ミネラル物理学 ミネラル物理学
- 高圧科学とは,高圧科学である.
背景:
- シリケート液体は,初期の形成から火山活動に至るまで,地球の進化に不可欠です.
- 高圧下でのシリケート溶融の振る舞いを理解することは,定量的な地球モデルにとって不可欠です.
- 実験的な課題は,地球の深層のシリケート溶融に関する歴史的に限られたデータを持っています.
研究 の 目的:
- 高圧下における溶けた玄武岩の構造変化と圧縮メカニズムを調査する.
- 地球のマントルに関連したシリケート溶融の状態方程式を決定する.
- 溶融圧縮性のシデロフィール要素分割に対する影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- 溶けた玄武岩の構造を調査するために,in situ X線 difraktion が使用されました.
- 実験は60ギガパスカル (GPa) までの圧力で行われました.
- 分析は,シリコンの調整と融解密度の進化に焦点を当てた.
主要な成果:
- 溶けた玄武岩におけるシリコンの協調性は,35GPaで4から6に増加する.
- 融解の圧縮性は,シリコンの調整変化後に著しく低下する.
- マントルの圧力における密度を正確にモデル化するには,高次元の状態方程式が必要である.
結論:
- シリケート溶融における観察された構造的移行は,その圧縮性に影響する.
- 高圧での融解圧縮性は,融鉄とシリケート間のニッケルなどの元素の分割に影響します.
- これらの発見は,地球深層のプロセスとコア-マントルの相互作用をモデリングするための重要なデータを提供します.
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