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レトロトランスポゾン駆動のディサー同型は,マウスの卵細胞における内生的な小干渉RNA産生を誘導する
Matyas Flemr1, Radek Malik, Vedran Franke
1Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
Cell
|November 12, 2013
まとめ
ネズミの卵細胞における新しいDicer isoform (Dicer(O)) は,女性の生育に不可欠な小さなRNAの生体生成を駆動する. このアイソフォームは,
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
- 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
背景:
- Dicerは,哺乳類におけるマイクロRNA (miRNA) とRNA干渉 (RNAi) 経路における小RNA生物発生に不可欠である.
- 固有のRNAiはマウスの卵細胞に非常に活性ですが,体細胞にはありませんので,専門的なメカニズムを示唆しています.
研究 の 目的:
- ネズミの卵細胞特異性RNAi活性に対する分子基礎を調査する.
- 雌の生殖系における内生性RNAiに起因する新しいDicer isoformの特徴を特定する.
主な方法:
- 卵細胞と体細胞におけるDicerイソフォームの比較分析.
- 二重鎖RNA (dsRNA) 基板におけるDicer(O) 活性に関する機能的特徴.
- Dicer (O) 発現を駆動するMT-Cレトロトランポゾンプロモーターの遺伝子解析.
主要な成果:
- 卵細胞特異のDicer同型体 (Dicer(O)) が特定され,N端ヘリケーゼ領域が欠けていて,体性Dicer (Dicer(S)) よりもより高い割れ活性を有しています.
- Dicer(O) は,Dicer(S) と異なり,長いdsRNAを効率的に小さなRNAに処理しています.
- Dicer(O) 発現を駆動する内在のMT-Cレトロトランポゾンプロモーターの削除は,Dicer(O) の喪失,女性の不妊,メオティック・スパインドルの欠陥,およびエンド-siRNA標的の増加につながる.
結論:
- 卵細胞特異のDicer(O) アイソフォームは,マウスの雌性生殖系における内生性RNAiの主な原動力である.
- Dicer (O) は卵細胞の発達とゲノム整合性の維持に重要な役割を果たしています.
- RNA-サイレンシング経路の進化的可塑性は,この代替的なDicer isoformによって強調されています.
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