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肥満に対する長期薬物治療:体系的および臨床的レビュー
Susan Z Yanovski1, Jack A Yanovski2
1Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland.
JAMA
|November 16, 2013
まとめ
肥満薬は,ライフスタイルの変化と組み合わせると,体重減少の有意な利点を提供します. 臨床医は,患者の治療への反応を評価し,結果を最適化し,リスクを最小限に抑える必要があります.
科学分野:
- 薬理学 薬理学とは
- 肥満医学 肥満医学とは
- クリニカル・プラクティスのガイドライン
背景:
- 肥満は米国の成人の36%に影響し,多くの人はライフスタイルの介入だけで十分な減量を達成することができません.
- 効果的な体重管理戦略は,公衆衛生の改善に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 成人の治療のために米国で承認された肥満薬の体系的なレビューを行う.
- オフレーベル医薬品の使用について議論し,肥満の薬剤療法に関する臨床的検討を提供する.
主な方法:
- PubMedの文献の体系的なレビュー (2013年9月発刊).
- メタアナリシス,システマティックレビュー,および1年以上の肥満薬のランダム化制御試験が含まれています.
- 試験には,≥50人の参加者/グループ,≥50%の保持率,および治療意図分析が必要でした.
主要な成果:
- 承認された肥満薬は,プラセボと比較して1年後に3〜9%の追加の減量をもたらし,フェンテルミン/トピラマートは最も高い有効性を示しています.
- これらの薬で,患者の73%が臨床的に有意義な体重減少 (≥5%) を達成しました.
- 薬剤は心臓代謝の危険因子を改善したが,心臓血管疾患や死亡率の減少を示したものはなかった.
結論:
- ライフスタイルの介入に付随する長期的肥満薬は,減量と有意義な結果を達成する可能性を高めます.
- 治療に反応しない患者 (体重減少が5%以上ない) の治療を中止すると,患者のリスクと費用への曝露が減るが,効果は有意ではない.
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