葉っぱ間皮質幹細胞は,オトクリン Wnt 信号伝達を介して自己更新します
Xinhong Lim1, Si Hui Tan, Winston Lian Chye Koh
1Department of Developmental Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI), Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
まとめ
エピダーミスを維持する皮膚幹細胞は,Axin2.2を使用して特定されました. これらの細胞は,増殖と自己再生のためにWnt信号を使用し,傷の治癒に不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 皮膚科 皮膚科について
- 幹細胞生物学 幹細胞生物学
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
背景:
- 皮膚の細胞間表皮は,維持のために幹細胞に依存しています.
- これらの表皮幹細胞の正確なアイデンティティと,それらを調節する信号は完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- インターフォリキュラー表皮の維持を担当する幹細胞を特定する.
- 皮質幹細胞の活動を制御するシグナル伝達メカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- マウスの系統追跡と定量的なクローン分析が採用されました.
- Axin2遺伝子発現は,幹細胞の識別のためのマーカーとして使用されました.
- ダブルラベリングRNA in situハイブリデーションはマウスで行われました.
主要な成果:
- Axin2は,基礎層の大部分を構成する葉っぱ間皮質幹細胞をマークします.
- これらの幹細胞は,増殖のためにWnt/β-cateninシグナル伝達を必要とし,静止状態のサブ集団なしに傷口の治癒に貢献します.
- アクシン2発現細胞は,Wnt信号とWnt阻害剤の両方を生成し,オトクリン調節を示す.
結論:
- Axin2は,小葉間皮質幹細胞を識別するための信頼性の高いマーカーです.
- Wnt/β-カタニンのシグナル伝達は,これらの幹細胞の増殖と自己再生に不可欠です.
- Wnt信号と阻害剤を含むオトクリンメカニズムは,表皮幹細胞の活動を調節する.
関連する概念動画
Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells
2.4K
The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
2.4K
Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell
2.9K
A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
2.9K
Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells
2.7K
The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
2.7K
Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal
1.8K
Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
1.8K
Tissue Renewal without Stem Cells
1.6K
After cellular or tissue damage, the resident stem cells present in the human body can locally repair and regenerate the damaged tissue or organ. However, even though some tissues do not have stem cells, they can repair and regenerate with the help of pre-existing cells. For example, beta cells of the pancreas and hepatocytes of the liver can divide to renew and regenerate the tissue. Here, both cell division and cell death are well regulated by homeostasis.
However, failure of such a system...
However, failure of such a system...
1.6K
Stem Cell Niche
5.0K
The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
5.0K


