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火星の表面放射線環境は,火星科学研究所のキュリオシティローバーで測定されました
Donald M Hassler1, Cary Zeitlin, Robert F Wimmer-Schweingruber
1Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA.
まとめ
火星探査ローバー"キュリオシティ"
科学分野:
- 宇宙科学 スペースサイエンス
- 惑星科学 惑星科学
- 放射線物理学 放射線物理学
背景:
- 銀河系宇宙線と太陽エネルギー粒子は,火星の表面に重大な放射線の危険をもたらします.
- 放射線環境の理解は,有人ミッションに対するリスクの評価と潜在的なバイオシグネチャの保存に不可欠です.
- 火星の表面放射線に関する以前のデータは,特に太陽の最大期間に限られていた.
研究 の 目的:
- 銀河の宇宙線と火星上の太陽エネルギー粒子から吸収された量とそれに相当する量を測定し,分析する.
- 地下放射線環境のモデリングのための重要なデータを提供する.
- 将来の人類が火星探査を行う際の放射線の危険性を評価し,天体生物学への影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 火星科学研究所のキュリオシティローバーの放射線評価検出器 (RAD) を利用する.
- 火星表面の放射線環境の詳細な測定を収集する.
- 現在の太陽最大期間の約300日間の観測データを分析する.
主要な成果:
- 宇宙線と太陽エネルギー粒子から吸収された量と等価量の詳細な測定が得られました.
- このデータは,火星表面の放射線状態の包括的な理解を提供します.
- この発見は,地下放射線モデリングのベースラインを確立します.
結論:
- 測定された放射線レベルは,火星への有人ミッションの危険性についての重要な洞察を提供します.
- このデータは,微生物の生存時間と有機生物シグネチャの保存を告知する天体生物学の研究に不可欠です.
- 発見は,火星の放射線環境のより完全なイメージに貢献します.
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