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プロトンポンプ阻害剤とヒスタミン2受容体抗体の使用とビタミンB12欠乏症
Jameson R Lam1, Jennifer L Schneider, Wei Zhao
1Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, California.
JAMA
|December 12, 2013
まとめ
陽子ポンプ阻害剤 (PPI) やヒスタミン2受容体対抗剤 (H2RAs) の長期使用は,ビタミンB12欠乏症のリスクを大幅に高めます. 医療従事者は,これらの一般的な酸抑制薬を処方する際に,このリスクを考慮する必要があります.
科学分野:
- 胃腸内科 胃腸内科
- 臨床薬理学 臨床薬理学とは
- 栄養科学とは,栄養科学である.
背景:
- 陽子ポンプ阻害剤 (PPI) とヒスタミン2受容体アンタゴニスト (H2RAs) は胃酸の産生を減少させます.
- この減少は,ビタミンB12の吸収を阻害し,潜在的に欠乏症につながる可能性があります.
- これらの薬がビタミンB12レベルに与える長期的影響について,限られた大規模な集団データが存在します.
研究 の 目的:
- PPIとH2RAの使用とビタミンB12欠乏症との関連を調査する.
- 大規模なコミュニティベースの米国人口でこの関連性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 北カリフォルニア州カイザー・パーメンテントのデータを用いて,症例対照研究が行われました.
- 発生したビタミンB12欠乏症の患者25,956人が,欠乏症のない184,199人の対照群と比較されました.
- 電子医療記録は,薬物使用量 (PPI/H2RAs ≥2年) とビタミンB12欠乏症の診断を確かめるために使用されました.
主要な成果:
- PPIの長期使用 (≥2年) は,ビタミンB12欠乏症のリスクが1.65倍増加した (OR,1.65;95%CI,1.58-1.73).
- H2RAsの長期使用 (≥2年) は,ビタミンB12欠乏症のリスクが1.25倍増加した (OR,1.25;95%CI,1.17-1.34) と関連していました.
- より高いPPI用量 (>1.5錠/日) は,より低い用量と比較して,ビタミンB12欠乏症とより強い関連性を示しました.
結論:
- PPIとH2RAの両方の使用,特に長期使用は,ビタミンB12欠乏症と有意に関連しています.
- 臨床医は,これらの酸性抑制剤を処方する際に,ビタミンB12吸収不良のリスクに対する利点を考慮する必要があります.
- 長期的な治療を受けている患者のビタミンB12濃度モニタリングのさらなる検討は正当である.
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