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Gastrulation01:56

Gastrulation

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Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata...
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Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

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The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent...
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Neurulation01:30

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Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...
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Sutures of the Skull01:22

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The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
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Generation of Dispersed Presomitic Mesoderm Cell Cultures for Imaging of the Zebrafish Segmentation Clock in Single Cells
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時計のないソマイト.

Ana S Dias1, Irene de Almeida1, Julio M Belmonte2

  • 1Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 11, 2014
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

脊椎動物のソミトゲネシスには,セグメンテーションクロックと波長のメカニズムは必要ありません. ソミットは,通常のサイズと運命を同時に形成することができ,胚の発達に関する確立されたモデルに挑戦します.

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Temporal Ordering of Dynamic Expression Data from Detailed Spatial Expression Maps
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Generation of Dispersed Presomitic Mesoderm Cell Cultures for Imaging of the Zebrafish Segmentation Clock in Single Cells
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Temporal Ordering of Dynamic Expression Data from Detailed Spatial Expression Maps
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科学分野:

  • 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
  • 胚学 胚学について
  • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.

背景:

  • 脊椎動物の身体のセグメンテーションは,ソミット形成に依存しています.
  • セグメンテーションクロックとクロック・アンド・ウェーブフロント・モデルは,ソミテの開発を調節すると考えられている.
  • ノッチ経路遺伝子は,ソミトゲネシス中の周期性遺伝子発現に関与しています.

研究 の 目的:

  • ソミット形成のためのクロックとウェーブフロントメカニズムの必要性を調査する.
  • 周期性遺伝子発現から独立してソミットが形成できるかどうかを判断する.
  • カノニカルな時計と波長のモデルなしで形成されたソミットの軸的同一性とセグメンテーションを分析する.

主な方法:

  • ノーギンで非ソミトメソダームの治療.
  • ソミット形成のタイミングと遺伝子発現の分析 (ノッチ経路,ホックスコード).
  • ソミットのサイズ,形,運命,および軸性同一性の評価.

主要な成果:

  • ソミットは周期的なノッチ経路遺伝子発現なしに同時に形成された.
  • これらのソミットは,正常なサイズ,形,そして運命を示した.
  • 軸性同一性はソミテの運命とは無関係に確立されたが,ロストラル・カウダル分岐は存在しない.

結論:

  • 時計と波長のメカニズムは,ソミテスを生成するために不可欠ではありません.
  • ソミットは,局所的な細胞-細胞の相互作用によって調節される自己組織化構造である可能性があります.
  • これらのソミットにおけるロストラル-カウダル分岐の欠如は,神経セグメンテーションに影響を与えます.