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Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
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1-アルケンのトランス-2-アルケンへのモノアイソメリゼーションの一般的触媒制御

Casey R Larsen1, Gulin Erdogan, Douglas B Grotjahn

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego State University , San Diego, California 92182-1030, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 16, 2014
PubMed
まとめ

研究者らは,アルケンのイソメリゼーションのための新しい触媒システムを開発し,端末アルケンからトランス-2-アルケンを効率的に生成しました. この突破は,二重結合の位置とステレオ選択性に対する正確な制御を提供し,熱力学的均衡を回避します.

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Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
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The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
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Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
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If a set of reactants can yield multiple constitutional isomers, but one of the isomers is obtained as the major product, the reaction is said to be regioselective. In such reactions, bond formation or breaking is favored at one reaction site over others.
The hydrohalogenation of an unsymmetrical alkene can yield two haloalkane products, depending on which vinylic carbon takes up the halogen. However, one product usually predominates, where hydrogen adds to the vinylic carbon bearing the...
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Alkynes can be reduced to trans-alkenes using sodium or lithium in liquid ammonia. The reaction, known as dissolving metal reduction, proceeds with an anti addition of hydrogen across the carbon–carbon triple bond to form the trans product. Since ammonia exists as a gas (bp = −33°C) at room temperature, the reaction is carried out at low temperatures using a mixture of dry ice (sublimes at −78°C) and acetone.
When dissolved in liquid ammonia, an alkali metal, such...
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