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Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

3.1K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
3.1K
Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

5.7K
Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent...
5.7K
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.6K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
3.6K
Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

2.7K
Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
2.7K
Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria01:10

Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria

4.1K
Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
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Synthesis of Monodisperse Cylindrical Nanoparticles via Crystallization-driven Self-assembly of Biodegradable Block Copolymers
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マイクロフェーズ分離によって誘発されたシーケンス定義ペプトイドディブロックコポリマーにおける結晶化.

Jing Sun1, Alexander A Teran, Xunxun Liao

  • 1Molecular Foundry, ‡Materials Sciences Division, §Environmental Energy Technologies Division, and ∥National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 16, 2014
PubMed
まとめ

配列で定義されたペプトイドブロックコポリマーは,通常無形ブロックで誘発結晶化を示す. この発見は,ポリマーの結晶化運動と,サイドチェーン構造によって駆動される自己組み立てに関する新しい洞察を提供します.

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Solid-phase Submonomer Synthesis of Peptoid Polymers and their Self-Assembly into Highly-Ordered Nanosheets
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科学分野:

  • ポリマー化学のポリマー化学について
  • マテリアルサイエンス 材料科学
  • クリスタルグラフィーです.

背景:

  • ポリマーの構造に対する原子レベルの制御は,ブロック共ポリマーの結晶化運動を理解するための鍵です.
  • ペプトイド二重ブロック共ポリマーは,構造-特性関係を調査するための調整可能なプラットフォームを提供します.

研究 の 目的:

  • シーケンス定義ペプトイドディブロックコポリマーの結晶化行動に対するサイドチェーン構造の影響を調査する.
  • 形のないポリマーブロックにおける誘発結晶化の現象を調査する.

主な方法:

  • シーケンスで定義された,高度に単分散性のペプトイド二ブロック共ポリマー (ポリ-N-デシルグリシン-ブロック-ポリ-N-2-(2-(2-メトキシエトキシ) エトキシ) エチルグリシン) の合成.
  • セルフアセンブリと結晶化を分析するために,X線散射と熱計を用いた特徴化.
  • ブロックコポリマー組成の系統的な変化 (pNteの体積分).

主要な成果:

  • すべての合成されたブロックコポリペプトイドは,ポリ-N-デシルグリシン (pNdc) ブロックの結晶化によって駆動された,ラメラーマイクロフェーズに自己組み立てられます.
  • 通常無形であるポリ-N-2-(2-(2-メトキシエトキシ) エトキシ) エチルグリシン (pNte) ブロックは誘発結晶化を示した.
  • pNte の誘導結晶化は,結晶 pNdc ブロックに依存しており,格子間隔のマッチングが決定的であることを示唆しています.

結論:

  • ブロックコポリペプトイドは,サイドチェーン組織が熱力学的性質に及ぼす影響を研究するためのユニークなプラットフォームを示しています.
  • マイクロフェーズ分離による結晶ブロックによる無形ブロックの誘発結晶化は,新しい発見です.
  • この研究は,制御された結晶的行動を持つポリマーを設計するための新しい道を開きます.