アップウォッシュ利用とダウンウォッシュ回避は,イビス編成飛行でフラップフェージングによって行われます
Steven J Portugal1, Tatjana Y Hubel1, Johannes Fritz2
1Structure & Motion Laboratory, the Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK.
Nature
|January 17, 2014
まとめ
北部の白髪イビスはV形で飛行ポジションを最適化します. 鳥はVフライトで翼先の経路の相関性を示し,エネルギー効果を最大限に高め,反相フラップがダウンウォッシュ効果を減らすことができる直接追跡とは異なり.
科学分野:
- 動物の行動 動物の行動
- エアロダイナミクス エアロダイナミクス
- バイオメカニクス バイオメカニクス
背景:
- 多くの種は,エネルギーを節約し,運動を改善するために組織化されたグループを形成します.
- 鳥の群れにおけるV形は,追従者にエネルギー的な利点を提供すると広く信じられています.
- V形成の利点の背後にある正確なエアロダイナミックメカニズムは不明のままです.
研究 の 目的:
- 北部の白髪イビス (Geronticus eremita) のV形飛行の空気力学上の利点を調査する.
- 鳥がV形に最適に配置されているかどうかを判断する.
- 翼の鼓動のパターンとその空気力学的力との関係を分析する.
主な方法:
- 北部の白髪イビスがV組成で飛んでいる様子.
- 空力学的な予測に対する個々の鳥の位置の分析.
- 飛行中の翼先の経路の一貫性とフラップの段階化の測定.
主要な成果:
- "V"形状の北部の白髪イビスは,空気力学的に最適な位置をとります.
- 鳥はVフライトで翼先の経路の相関性を示し,上潮を最大化するためにフェーズ内のフラッピングを行います.
- 直流方向の位置では,鳥は反相フラッピングを示し,潜在的にダウンウォッシュを軽減します.
結論:
- これらの鳥のV形飛行は,周囲の覚醒構造の認識を示唆しています.
- 鳥は翼をたたきながらダイナミックな目覚めを管理するために,洗練されたフェージング戦略を披露します.
- これらの発見は,航空飛行の調整の複雑性に関する以前の仮定に異議を唱える.
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