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アラブ世界における統治と健康
Rajaie Batniji1, Lina Khatib2, Melani Cammett3
1Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|January 24, 2014
まとめ
効果的なガバナンスと腐敗の減少は,アラブ世界におけるよりよい人口健康結果と相関しています. 民主化の取り組みは,死亡率の低下と直接的な関連性を示せず,公衆衛生に対する政府の有効性の重要性を強調した.
科学分野:
- 政治科学は政治学を学んでいる.
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 経済学 エコノミクス
背景:
- アラブ世界では,2010年以来,より包括的なガバナンスへの要求とともに,重大な政治的変化を経験しています.
- 地域の弱い政治制度は,しばしば代表やサービスから排除につながります.
- 既存の研究は,政治学と経済学を健康への影響と結びつけています.
研究 の 目的:
- アラブ世界におけるガバナンス品質,選挙民主主義,および健康指標 (成人,幼児,妊産婦死亡率) の関係を評価する.
- 治理と関連して,医療サービスのアクセシビリティと改善の認識を検証する.
- 1980年から2010年までの人口,健康,ガバナンスデータを分析する.
主な方法:
- 世界銀行,WHO,IHME,アラブのバロメーター調査,その他の情報源から収集したデータです.
- 30年にわたる人口統計,健康状態,ガバナンスにおける変化を測定した.
- 治理と健康指標の相関を特定するために統計分析を利用した.
主要な成果:
- より効果的なガバナンスと平均的な死亡率の減少との間の関連性が見つかりました.
- 民主主義の範囲と死亡率の減少との間に有意な関係は見られなかった.
- 政治的な変化は,一時的にサービスへのアクセスを妨害し,人口の脆弱性を高める可能性があります.
結論:
- 政府効率の向上と汚職の削減は,民主化の努力よりも,人口の健康改善とより強く結びついているように見える.
- 現在の結果は,主観的な健康指標と生活の質を除いて,限られた死亡データに基づいています.
- 医療のアクセス,質,そして,疎外された集団のためのサービスに関するさらなるデータは,制度改革を導くために必要である.
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