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アラブ世界における非伝染性疾患
Hanan F Abdul Rahim1, Abla Sibai2, Yousef Khader3
1Department of Health Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Lancet (London, England)
|January 24, 2014
まとめ
アラブ諸国では,不適切な食事や運動不足などの行動リスクが原因で,非伝染性疾患が増加しています. 政府の政策の弱さは,効果的な予防と治療を妨げ,緊急の行動と説明責任を必要とする.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 保健政策 保健政策 保健政策
背景:
- 非伝染性疾患 (NCD) は,心臓血管疾患,癌,慢性肺疾患,糖尿病を含むアラブ世界における増大する負担となっている.
- タバコの使用,不健康な食事,身体的不活性,および成人および子供の肥満の懸念される割合を含む行動リスク要因の流行率は高い.
- 疫学的証拠にもかかわらず,アラブ地域におけるNCDに対する政策的対応は不十分であり,各国で一貫して実施されていない.
研究 の 目的:
- アラブ世界における非伝染性疾患の負担の増加を分析する.
- 政策対応を評価し,NCDとその危険因子に対処する際のギャップを特定する.
- 効果的な介入と政府の説明責任の必要性を強調する.
主な方法:
- 疾病の世界の負担に関する2010年の調査から得られたデータの分析.
- アラブ諸国の政策対応と実施状況の見直し.
- 費用対効果の高い,根拠に基づいた予防と治療の介入の特定.
主要な成果:
- アラブ諸国における非伝染性疾患の重荷の有意な増加,所得水準によって異なる.
- 肥満,喫煙,栄養不良,身体不活性など,行動リスク因子の高い罹患率
- アラブ諸国の政府による政策の対応は,介入が確認されたにもかかわらず,弱く,変動的に実施された.
結論:
- NCD危機と闘うには,緊急かつ強化された政策のコミットメントと多部門的行動が必要である.
- 塩分削減とタバコの規制に焦点を当てた即時介入は極めて重要です.
- アラブ諸国の政府は,NCDに対する効果的な対策を確実にするために,世界的なモニタリングフレームワークを通じて,国連のコミットメントについて責任を負わなければなりません.
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