Jove
Visualize
お問い合わせ
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
JoVEについて
概要リーダーシップブログJoVEヘルプセンター
著者向け
出版プロセス編集委員会範囲と方針査読よくある質問投稿
図書館員向け
推薦の声購読アクセスリソース図書館諮問委員会よくある質問
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experimentsアーカイブ
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教員リソースセンター教員サイト
利用規約
プライバシーポリシー
ポリシー

関連する概念動画

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

1.7K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
1.7K
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

2.6K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
2.6K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

1.8K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
1.8K
Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.1K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.1K
α-Alkylation of Ketones via Enolate Ions01:10

α-Alkylation of Ketones via Enolate Ions

2.4K
Ketones with α protons are deprotonated by strong bases like lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) to form enolate ions. The anion is stabilized by resonance, and its hybrid structure exhibits negative charges on the carbonyl oxygen and the α carbon. This ambident nucleophile can attack an electrophile via two possible sites: the carbonyl oxygen, known as O-attack, or the α carbon, known as C-attack. The nucleophilic attack via the carbanionic site is preferred. This is due to the...
2.4K
ortho–para-Directing Activators: –CH3, –OH, –⁠NH2, –OCH301:11

ortho–para-Directing Activators: –CH3, –OH, –⁠NH2, –OCH3

5.0K
All ortho–para directors, excluding halogens, are activating groups. These groups donate electrons to the ring, making the ring carbons electron-rich. Consequently, the reactivity of the aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution increases. For instance, the nitration of anisole is about 10,000 times faster than the nitration of benzene. The electron-donating effect of the methoxy group in anisole activates the ortho and para positions on the ring and stabilizes the corresponding...
5.0K

こちらも読む

関連記事

共著者、ジャーナル、引用グラフによってこの研究に関連する記事。

並び替え
Same author

Flipper dendrimers.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

Grafting Cell-Penetrating Poly(disulfide)s to Substrates of Interest: Dynamic Covalent Bioconjugation for Traceless Delivery.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2025
Same author

Thiol-mediated uptake of phosphorothioate liposomes, visualized with fluorescent flippers.

Chemical science·2025
Same author

Organocatalytic Microfluidic Double-Layer Capacitors.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2025
Same author

Ileal Tuft Cell Depletion Is Associated With Preterm Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Gastro hep advances·2025
Same author

Automated data collection from an electronic medical record for a prospective real-world study in patients with retinal disease (VOYAGER).

Clinical trials (London, England)·2025
Same journal

Radical Cascades on Seawater Microdroplets Drive Atmospheric Mercury Oxidation.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same journal

Superior Selective and Fast NH<sub>3</sub> Adsorption of Soft Porous MOF/Ionic Liquid Composites with Ordering Phase Transitions.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same journal

Systematic Catalyst Variation for Improved Stereoselective Epoxide Polymerization: Subtle Modifications Resulting in Superior Efficiency.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same journal

Deciphering the Halide Chemistry of Cl<sup>-</sup> and Br<sup>-</sup> in Enhancing Kinetics of Mg Plating/Stripping.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same journal

Electrosynthesis of C<sub>6</sub> Chemicals by Propylene Oxidative Coupling on Au Surface.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same journal

Statistical AI Enables Precise Screening of Multielement Catalysts.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
関連記事をすべて見る

関連する実験動画

Updated: May 3, 2026

Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes
12:08

Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes

Published on: June 24, 2022

3.5K

アニオン-π触媒による触媒である.

Yingjie Zhao1, César Beuchat, Yuya Domoto

  • 1Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 25, 2014
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

この研究では,特定の相互作用が化学反応の移行状態を安定させるアニオン-π触媒を実証しています. この発見は,アニオンの移行状態を含む反応のための革新的な触媒の設計のための新しい道を開きます.

さらに関連する動画

Achieving Moderate Pressures in Sealed Vessels Using Dry Ice As a Solid CO2 Source
06:26

Achieving Moderate Pressures in Sealed Vessels Using Dry Ice As a Solid CO2 Source

Published on: August 17, 2018

9.7K
Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-phosphinetriyltripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions
11:44

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-phosphinetriyltripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

Published on: March 20, 2014

25.9K

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 3, 2026

Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes
12:08

Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes

Published on: June 24, 2022

3.5K
Achieving Moderate Pressures in Sealed Vessels Using Dry Ice As a Solid CO2 Source
06:26

Achieving Moderate Pressures in Sealed Vessels Using Dry Ice As a Solid CO2 Source

Published on: August 17, 2018

9.7K
Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-phosphinetriyltripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions
11:44

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-phosphinetriyltripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

Published on: March 20, 2014

25.9K

科学分野:

  • カタリシス カタリシス カタリシス
  • 超分子化学 超分子化学
  • 有機化学 オーガニック・ケミストリー

背景:

  • 非共振相互作用は,機能的な分子システムの開発に不可欠です.
  • アニオン-π相互作用は,特定のタイプの非共性相互作用であり,触媒の潜在的応用があります.
  • ケンプ除去反応は,新しい触媒機構を研究するためのモデルシステムとして機能します.

研究 の 目的:

  • 触媒におけるアニオン-π相互作用の実験的および理論的証拠を提供すること.
  • アニオン-π相互作用を利用した新しい触媒の設計を,アニオン移行状態の反応のために探求する.
  • アニオン-π触媒によって達成された移行状態の安定化と触媒能力の定量化.

主な方法:

  • ケンプ除去反応を用いて,触媒の性能をテストする.
  • ナフタレンディイミドベースの触媒を共振的に結合した炭酸塩基と溶解剤で合成する.
  • 移行状態の安定化 (ΔΔGTS),基板認識 (KM),および触媒能力の測定に実験的技術を使用する.
  • 実験的発見を裏付け,相互作用メカニズムを明らかにするために計算シミュレーションを実施する.

主要な成果:

  • アニオン-π相互作用によって π-酸性表面で,重要な移行状態の安定化 (最大 ΔΔGTS = 31.8 ± 0.4 kJ mol−1) を達成した.
  • 増加したπ-酸性と強化された移行状態の安定化との間の直接的な相関を示し,アニオン-π触媒を確認しました.
  • サブストラット認識 (KM) は π-酸性の増加によって,移行状態の安定化と区別して,有意に改善されませんでした.
  • π-酸性表面と炭酸塩基間のリンク器の設計が触媒活性に重大な影響を及ぼすことを発見しました.

結論:

  • アニオン-π相互作用は,アニオン移行状態を効果的に安定させ,触媒化につながります.
  • 触媒表面のπ-酸性は,高い移行状態の安定化を達成するための重要な要因です.
  • 触媒結合器の最適化と分子内相互作用は,アニオン-π触媒の効率化において重要な役割を果たします.