刺激によって引き起こされる,体細胞の宿命変換が,多能性細胞に変換される
Haruko Obokata1, Teruhiko Wakayama2, Yoshiki Sasai3
11] Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [2] Laboratory for Cellular Reprogramming, RIKEN Center for Developmental biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan [3] Laboratory for Genomic Reprogramming, RIKEN Center for Developmental biology, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.
Nature
|January 31, 2014
まとめ
科学者たちは,刺激誘発による多能性獲得 (STAP) を発見し,低pHのストレス因子のような外部刺激のみを使用して,哺乳類の体細胞を多能性細胞に再プログラムするための新しい方法である. この画期的な技術は,核移転や転写因子の必要性を回避しています.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 発達生物学 発達生物学とは
- エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス
背景:
- 細胞の再プログラムには通常,核の移転または特定の転写因子の導入が含まれます.
- 哺乳類の体細胞は,安定した表遺伝子状態を有しており,再プログラミングは困難です.
研究 の 目的:
- 新しい細胞再プログラム現象,刺激誘発による多能性獲得 (STAP) を報告する.
- 哺乳類の体細胞におけるSTAPのメカニズムと潜在的な応用を調査する.
主な方法:
- 強い外部刺激,特に低pHの一時的なストレス要因を哺乳類の体細胞 (リンパ球) に適用する.
- 細胞の変化を追跡するために,リアルタイム画像と遺伝子再編成分析を使用します.
- 多能性遺伝子の調節領域におけるDNAメチル化パターンの評価.
- 発達の可能性を評価するために,ブラストシスト注射実験を行う.
主要な成果:
- STAPは,核移転や転写因子なしで,哺乳類の体細胞を多能細胞に成功裏に再プログラムしました.
- 選択ではなく再プログラムがメカニズムであることを示す証拠は,リアルタイム画像と遺伝子解析によって確認されました.
- STAP細胞は,多能性遺伝子領域におけるDNAメチル化が減少したことを示した.
- STAP細胞は,キメア胚と子孫への生殖線伝播に効率的な貢献を示した.
- 頑丈に拡張可能な多能細胞系は,STAP細胞から派生した.
結論:
- 環境要因は,哺乳類の細胞における表遺伝的運命を決定する過程を大きく変えてしまう.
- STAPは,体細胞から多能細胞を生成するためのユニークで効率的な方法です.
- この発見は再生医療と細胞の可塑性を理解するための新しい道を開く.
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