プラズマ膜の修復には,ESCRT機械が必要です
Ana Joaquina Jimenez1, Paolo Maiuri, Julie Lafaurie-Janvore
1Institut Curie, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 1, 2014
まとめ
プラズマ膜損傷の細胞修復は,輸送に必要な内分体分類複合体 (ESCRT) を利用しています. ESCRTタンパク質は,損傷した膜部分の細胞外流出によって傷口の閉塞を促進し,細胞の生存を保証します.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- メンブラン生物学 メンブラン生物学
- 分子細胞生物学 分子細胞生物学
背景:
- プラズマ膜の損傷は,細胞の生存のために効率的な修復機構を必要とする重要な出来事です.
- 確立されたプラズマ膜修復経路には,エンドサイトーシス,膜パッチ,細胞外芽が含まれる.
研究 の 目的:
- 血膜修復における輸送に必要な内分体分類複合体 (ESCRT) の役割を調査する.
- ESCRTタンパク質が細胞創傷の治癒に寄与するメカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- プラズマ膜の傷をリアルタイムでイメージングする.
- 創傷閉塞運動の定量分析 創傷閉塞運動の定量分析
- 修理プロセスの数学的モデリング.
- 相関スキャニング電子顕微鏡 (SEM) は,膜構造を視覚化します.
主要な成果:
- ESCRTタンパク質は,プラズマ膜損傷の部位に数秒以内に迅速に徴用されます.
- 定量分析とモデリングは,ESCRTがより小さな傷の修復に関与していることを示しています.
- リアルタイムイメージングとSEMは,ESCRT媒介の細胞外芽形成と傷口での流出を明らかにします.
結論:
- 輸送に必要な内分体分類複合体 (ESCRT) は,プラズマ膜修復において重要な役割を果たします.
- 傷付いた膜部分のESCRT媒介による細胞外脱出は,傷の閉塞のための新しいメカニズムです.
- このESCRTに依存する経路は,プラズマ膜損傷後に細胞の完全性を維持するために不可欠です.
関連する概念動画
01:22Enlargement of the Plasma Membrane
1.8K
Cell division and enlargement are processes that require precise control. The control ensures that cell division cannot proceed unless the cell has grown to a specific size. A spherical, dividing cell requires an approximately 1.6X increase in its surface area to double its volume. The secretory pathway also has a significant role in cell membrane enlargement. Secretory vesicles that bud off from the Golgi apparatus and later fuse with the plasma membrane during exocytosis are a major source of...
1.8K
01:38Nucleotide Excision Repair
4.6K
DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
4.6K
01:08Nucleotide Excision Repair
33.7K
Overview
33.7K
01:08Nucleotide Excision Repair
10.9K
10.9K
01:28Protein Translocation Machinery on the ER Membrane
5.5K
The translocon complex situated on the ER membrane is the main gateway for the protein secretory pathway. It facilitates the transport of nascent peptides into the ER lumen and their insertion into the ER membrane.
Sec61 protein conducting channel
In eukaryotes, the translocon complex comprises a core heterotrimeric translocator channel called the Sec61 complex. This channel includes three transmembrane proteins, Sec61α, Sec61β, and Sec61γ, and is the largest subunit of the...
Sec61 protein conducting channel
In eukaryotes, the translocon complex comprises a core heterotrimeric translocator channel called the Sec61 complex. This channel includes three transmembrane proteins, Sec61α, Sec61β, and Sec61γ, and is the largest subunit of the...
5.5K
01:28Assembly of the Lipid Bilayer in the ER
3.2K
Biological membranes are more than just a barrier separating cell cytoplasm from the outside environment. They are highly dynamic and help maintain the integrity and physiological stability of the cells as well as membrane-bound organelles. Membranes also play vital roles in cell-to-cell and intracellular communication.
A large chunk of any biological membrane is composed of phospholipids. These lipids have a heterogeneous distribution across different subcellular organelles and even between...
A large chunk of any biological membrane is composed of phospholipids. These lipids have a heterogeneous distribution across different subcellular organelles and even between...
3.2K