ロシアにおけるアルコールと死亡率:15万1,000人の成人を対象とした見通しの観察研究
David Zaridze1, Sarah Lewington2, Alexander Boroda1
1Russian Cancer Research Centre, Moscow, Russia.
Lancet (London, England)
|February 4, 2014
まとめ
ウォッカの大量消費は,ロシア人の成人の早期死亡リスクを大幅に高めます. この前向きな研究では,ウォッカがウォッカであることを確認しています.
科学分野:
- エピデミオロジー エピデミオロジー
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- アルコール研究 アルコール研究
背景:
- ロシアの成人は,極めて高い早死率を示しています.
- 以前の遡及的研究では,ウォッカの過剰摂取は,死因と特定の病気の外部原因と関連付けられていた.
- この研究は,これらの関連性に関する将来的な証拠を提供することを目的とした.
研究 の 目的:
- ウォッカの消費とロシア成人の死亡率との関連を将来的に調査する.
- 異なるレベルのウォッカ摂取量に関連した過剰死亡リスクを定量化するために.
- 早期死亡におけるウォッカの役割に関する既存の証拠を強化する.
主な方法:
- ロシアの3つの都市で1999年から2008年にかけて20万人の成人を対象とした前向きなコホート研究.
- 特定死因による死亡率の追跡調査は,2010年まで,15万1,000人の個人を対象に実施された.
- ウォッカの消費に関連する相対的な死亡リスクを計算するために,混同因子に調整されたプーソン回帰分析.
主要な成果:
- 35歳から74歳までの男性喫煙者の間で,毎週ウォッカの摂取量 (ボトル3本以上) が高かったと,20年後の死亡リスクが著しく高かった (35%が35歳から54歳,64%が55歳から74歳).
- 過剰な死亡率は,主に外部原因と,以前の研究で特定されたアルコール関連疾患によるものであった.
- 自己報告された飲酒の変動にもかかわらず,ベースラインのウォッカ消費は死亡リスクを強く予測しました.
結論:
- この大規模な見通し調査は,ウォッカの消費がロシアの成人の間での早死率の高さに大きく寄与しているという強力な証拠を提供します.
- この調査結果は,この集団における重度のアルコール使用が公衆衛生に与える影響を強調しています.
- さらに,アルコールの害を軽減するための介入を検討する研究が進められます.
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