専用の回路は,方向選択性網膜のギャングリア細胞を,主視野皮質と結びつける
Alberto Cruz-Martín1, Rana N El-Danaf1, Fumitaka Osakada2
11] Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, USA [2] Neurobiology Section in the Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, USA.
Nature
|February 28, 2014
まとめ
研究者らは,網膜の方向選択性ギャングリオン細胞 (DSGCs) を主視野皮質 (V1) に接続する新しい脳回路を発見した. この経路は,運動検知情報を伝達し,V1ニューロンの方向と指向の選択性に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- ビジュアルシステム ビジュアルシステム
- センサリー処理 センサリー処理
背景:
- 脳が環境の特徴をどのように処理するかを理解することは極めて重要です.
- 網膜の方向選択性ギャングリオン細胞 (DSGC) は,特定の運動軸を検知する.
- DSGCのダウンストリーム経路と視覚処理におけるその役割は,依然としてほとんど不明です.
研究 の 目的:
- 網膜DSGCの下流にある神経回路を調査する.
- 方向選択情報が主視野皮質 (V1) に伝達されるかどうかを判断する.
- 脳の視覚情報処理に対するDSGCの貢献を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- マウスにおけるウイルスのトランスシナプス回路マッピングを利用した.
- 視覚的に誘導されるカルシウム信号の機能的イメージングをタラモ皮質軸索で用いた.
- DSGC,背側側生殖細胞核 (dLGN),V1.1との接続性を調査しました.
主要な成果:
- DSGCから表面V1層までの二シナプス回路を特定しました.
- この回路がDSGCの入力をプールし,専門のDLGNサブディビジョンに収束することを実証しました.
- この経路が,他の視覚経路から分離した,表面的なV1に方向とオリエンテーションを調整したシグナルを送っていることが示されました.
結論:
- マウスの視覚系には,並行して,専門の網膜-ゲニキュロ-皮質経路があります.
- DSGCから発生した独特の経路は,特に運動調整情報で表面V1をターゲットにします.
- DSGCの活性化は,いくつかのV1ニューロンにおける方向性および方向性の選択性に影響を与える.
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