安定したC0T-1リピートRNAは豊富で,ユークロマティックインターフェーズ染色体と関連しています

Lisa L Hall¹, Dawn M Carone¹, Alvin V Gomez¹

¹Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.

Cell

|March 4, 2014

まとめ

研究者らはエウクロマチンに豊富なリピートリッチRNAを発見した. このC0T-1RNAは染色体領域と安定的に関連し,染色体凝縮に影響を与え,ゲノム組織に潜在的に影響を与える.

科学分野:

ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
分子生物学は分子生物学である.
エピジェネティクスエピジェネティクス

背景:

非コーディングRNAは,未知の機能を持つ多様性があります.
繰り返される要素は,ヒトゲノムのほぼ半分を占める.
ゲノム調節における重複要素の役割は十分に理解されていない.

研究の目的:

ゲノム内の繰り返し配列の機能と局所化を調査する.
散らばった繰り返しから派生した豊富なノンコーディングRNAを特徴付けるために.
繰り返し派生RNAとクロマチンの構造の関係を探求する.

主な方法:

C0T-1DNAプローブを用いたRNAのインシットハイブリッド化.
インターフェーズ染色体領域内のRNA局所化の分析.
転写阻害中のRNAの安定性の評価.
染色体凝縮に対するRNAの効果の調査.

主要な成果:

豊富なユークロマチン関連RNA (C0T-1RNA) は,主にLINE-1を含む繰り返し配列で構成されています.
C0T-1RNAは,cisの染色体領域に局所化し,安定し,破壊に抵抗します.
C0T-1 RNAの喪失は,異なった染色体分布と凝縮と相関しています.
C0T-1RNAはXISTRNAと特性を共有しているが,XIST凝縮染色体からは除外されている.

結論:

C0T-1RNAは,繰り返しの要素から派生した重要な非コーディングRNAのクラスを表しています.
このRNAは,染色体の構造と組織を維持する上で重要な役割を果たします.
この発見は,ゲノム内の反復要素と非コーディングRNAの機能的重要性を明らかにした.

さらに関連する動画

09:38

Identification of Nucleolar Factors During HIV-1 Replication Through Rev Immunoprecipitation and Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 26, 2019

7.2K

09:26

Isolation of Specific Genomic Regions and Identification of Associated Molecules by enChIP

Published on: January 20, 2016

10.3K

関連する概念動画

01:01

Euchromatin

6.7K

The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions take up more dye, appearing darker, while the less-compact areas take up less dye and appear lighter. Based on the compaction level, chromatins are classified into two primary forms – euchromatin and heterochromatin.
Euchromatin is the less dense region of the chromatin and stains lighter. Euchromatin contains histone H3 extensively...

6.7K

02:38

Heterochromatin

12.0K

The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...

12.0K

03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

6.0K

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...

6.0K

02:04

Polytene Chromosomes

9.3K

Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also...

9.3K

02:40

Chromosome Structure

22.1K

A functional eukaryotic chromosome must contain three elements: a centromere, telomeres, and numerous origins of replication.
The centromere is a DNA sequence that links sister chromatids. This is also where kinetochores, protein complexes to which spindle microtubules attach, are constructed after the chromosome is replicated. The kinetochores allow the spindle microtubules to move the chromosomes within the cell during cell division.
Telomeres consist of non-coding repetitive nucleotide...

22.1K

02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

12.3K

Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...