全ゲノム配列決定の臨床的解釈と影響
Frederick E Dewey1, Megan E Grove1, Cuiping Pan2
1Stanford Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Stanford, California2Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California3Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California4Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized.
JAMA
|March 13, 2014
まとめ
全ゲノムシーケンシング (WGS) は,疾患遺伝子の不完全なカバーと低変異検出再現性を示し,臨床的有用性に影響を与えています. WGSは実行可能な遺伝的変異を見つけることができるが,これらの制限は,医学での使用について慎重に検討する必要があります.
科学分野:
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
- クリニカル・メディシン 臨床医学
- バイオインフォマティックス
背景:
- 全ゲノムシーケンシング (WGS) は,臨床環境でますます使用されています.
- WGSは,シーケンシングの理由に関係なく,臨床的に重要な遺伝的発見を特定することが期待されています.
研究 の 目的:
- WGS.からの臨床的に重要な遺伝的変異のカバーとコンコンダンスを評価する.
- WGSデータにおける遺伝性疾患リスクと薬物遺伝学的発見を定量化するために.
- WGSの発見によって引き起こされた臨床的行動を評価する.
主な方法:
- WGS. を受けた12人の成人の参加者を対象とした探査研究.
- 多学科のチームは,遺伝学的発見をレビューした.
- 医師は,WGSの結果に基づいて臨床フォローアップを提案しました.
主要な成果:
- 遺伝性疾患遺伝子の10~19%は,変異発見のための不十分なカバーを有していた.
- ゲノタイプ一致性は,単一ヌクレオチド変異 (99~100%) では高かったが,小さな挿入/削除変異 (53~59%) では低い.
- BRCA1変種を含む,患者に2〜6件の疾患リスクの発見;患者に1〜3件の検査/紹介について,臨床フォローアップを検討した.
結論:
- WGSは,遺伝性疾患遺伝子の不完全なカバーと,高インパクト変異の低再現性を実証しました.
- WGS.からの臨床的に報告すべき発見に関して不確実性が存在します.
- WGSは,実行可能な変異を特定することができますが,その臨床的役割は,現在の制限を慎重に考慮する必要があります.
関連する概念動画
Genomics
35.5K
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
35.5K
Next-generation Sequencing
87.9K
The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features....
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features....
87.9K
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.8K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.8K
Modern Molecular Taxonomy
836
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
836
Genome Annotation and Assembly
16.7K
The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.
16.7K
Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS
12.6K
Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
12.6K


