インフラマソーム: パーツをまとめる
1Institut für Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675 Munich, Germany.
Cell
|March 18, 2014
まとめ
インフラマソームの活性化により,プリオンのようなASCのポリメリゼーションがフィラメントに誘発され,炎症性サイトカイン生成のためのプラットフォームを形成します. これは,炎症体の組み立てとサイトカインの放出のための統一されたメカニズムを明らかにします.
科学分野:
- 免疫学 免疫学とは
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
背景:
- 微生物や危険信号による炎症ゾームの活性化は,先天的免疫にとって極めて重要です.
- インフラマソームの活性化と,その後の炎症性サイトカインの放出の背後にある正確なメカニズムは,まだ完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 炎症体活性化の分子メカニズムを解明する.
- 炎症性センサのトリガーに伴う炎症性サイトカイン生成の構造的基礎を特定する.
主な方法:
- アダプタASCの炎症ゾーム組立における役割を調査した.
- インフラマソームセンサーの活性化時にASCのフィラメントへのポリメリゼーションを観察するための技術を使用しました.
主要な成果:
- インフラマソームセンサーの活性化が,ASCアダプタータンパク質のプリオンのようなポリメリゼーションを,より高次のフィラメントに誘導することを実証した.
- これらのASCフィラメントは,炎症性サイトカインの生成に不可欠なプラットフォームとして機能することを示しました.
結論:
- 炎症体組成のための統一されたメカニズムを提案し,ASCプリオン型ポリメリゼーションの重要な役割を強調した.
- これらの発見は,炎症反応とサイトカイン生成の調節に関する新しい洞察を提供します.
関連する概念動画
01:17The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
6.2K
The extrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated when extracellular death-inducing signals, such as specific cytokines, activate the death receptors expressed on the cell surface. The immune cells involved in this pathway are natural killer cells (NK cells) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. NK cells are critical in innate immune response, while cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are associated with adaptive immune response. These cells recognize specific receptors expressed on the altered cells and activate...
6.2K
01:17Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions
2.8K
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Some...
2.8K
01:15Activation of Integrins
4.3K
Integrins bind ligands and transmit information from outside the cell to inside or vice-versa through an "outside-in signaling" or "inside-out signaling."
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding...
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding...
4.3K
01:31The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
6.2K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
6.2K
02:41Protein Complex Assembly
12.5K
Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types. Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
12.5K
01:17Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells
3.9K
Cells undergoing apoptosis form apoptotic bodies that must be removed immediately to prevent inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and necrosis. Phagocytosis is carried out by professional phagocytes such as macrophages or immature dendritic cells. Non-professional phagocytes such as epithelial cells and fibroblasts also take part in this process; however, they are not as effective as professional phagocytes.
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized...
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized...
3.9K