ロジウム (III) 水化物から H-/H•/H+ 移転の運動学と熱力学
1Department of Chemistry, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 27, 2014
まとめ
この研究では,Rh(III) ハイドリド複合体のRh-H結合分裂を調査し,それが効率的なハイドリド (H-) と水素基 (H•) ドナーであるが,貧乏な陽子 (H+) ドナーであることを明らかにした. これらの発見は,様々な化学反応における触媒としてのその可能性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 有機金属化学 有機金属化学
- カタリシス カタリシス カタリシス
- 反応メカニズム 反応メカニズム
背景:
- ハイドリドロジウム複合体は,触媒作用において極めて重要であるが,その反応性,特にRh-H結合の裂離方式については,詳細な理解が必要である.
- 水素原子,陽子,および水素化合物の Rh (III) 複合体からの移動の熱力学と運動学の研究は,それらの触媒的潜在力についての洞察を提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- 熱力学と運動学を総合的に研究するために,H (−),H (−+),H (−) がRh (−III) 水素複合体Cp*Rh (−2) - (−2) -ピリジルフェニル) H (1a) から分裂する.
- イオン化水素化における複合体1aの触媒効率と,水素原子ドナーとしての可能性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 熱力学的に測定した水分度 (ΔG°H(-)) は,H2のヘテロリティック割れ方による.
- イミニウムカチオンへのH(-) 移転と,フォスファゼン基へのH(+) 移転の運動学的研究.
- H を経由してTEMPOへの転移,Rh-H 結合解離エンタルピーの決定によるRh ((II) 基間の生成と特徴付け.
主要な成果:
- 複合体1aは熱力学的に水分性が高い (49.5(1) kcal/mol) であり,急速なH(-) 移転によりイオン化水素化の非常に効率的な触媒として作用する (kH(-) = 3.5(1) × 10(5) M(-1) s(-1)).
- 複合体1aは,熱力学的に (pKa = 30.3(2)) と運動的に (kH(+) = 5(1) × 10(-4) M(-1) s(-1)) とともに,貧乏なH(+) ドナーである.
- 複合体はH•を容易に移転して安定したRh(II) 基を形成し,弱いRh-H結合 (58.2(3) kcal/mol) と速いH•移転運動 (kH• = 1.17(3) × 10(3) M(-1) s(-1) を示しています.
結論:
- Cp*Rh(2-(2-ピリジル) フェニル) H (1a) は,優れたH(-) とH•ドナーとして機能する多用途の試薬ですが,H(+) ドナーとして機能しません.
- 観測された反応性プロファイルは,対応するRh (I) アニオンの高いエネルギーに起因する.
- この発見は,水素移転を含む触媒応用における複合体1aの有用性を裏付けている.
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