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miRNAsは,アラビドプシス菌のトランポゾンからの広範囲に広がるエピジェネティックに活性化されたsiRNAsを誘発する
Kate M Creasey1, Jixian Zhai2, Filipe Borges1
1Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA.
Nature
|March 28, 2014
まとめ
植物では,マイクロRNA (miRNA) を利用して,表遺伝的に活性化された小干渉RNA (easiRNA) を介してトランポゾンを静止させます. このmiRNAに誘導されたeasiRNA経路は,再活性化されたトランポゾンを標的とし,潜在的ゲノム防衛機構を明らかにする.
科学分野:
- 植物分子生物学 植物分子生物学
- エピジェネティクス エピジェネティクス
- RNAの干渉によるRNA干渉
背景:
- 植物のポストトランスクリプション遺伝子サイレンシング (PTGS) は,DCL1-依存型マイクロRNA (miRNA) と二次小干渉RNA (siRNA) を含む.
- トランスポーソンの転写遺伝子サイレンシング (TGS) は,24ヌクレオチドヘテロクロマティックsiRNAs (het-siRNAs) に依存しています.
- エピジェネティックに活性化されたsiRNAs (easiRNAs) は,特定の変異体および植物組織に豊富に存在し,トランポゾントランスクリプトを標的にします.
研究 の 目的:
- アラビドプシス・タリアナのeasiRNAsの生体発生と機能を調査する.
- miRNA誘導によるeasiRNA生成とトランポゾンサイレンシングの関係を解明する.
- ゲノム防衛とトランポゾン調節におけるeasiRNAの役割を理解する.
主な方法:
- アラビドプシス・タリアナ変異体 (ddm1, met1) のeasiRNA生成の分析
- 小型RNA配列を解析することで,easiRNAsと het-siRNAsを特定し,定量化します.
- easiRNAバイオゲネシスにおける主要なRNAサイレンシング経路コンポーネント (RDR6,DCL4,DCL1) の役割を調査する.
主要な成果:
- 何千ものトランポゾントランスクリプトは,RDR6によって割れ分と処理のために50以上のmiRNAによって標的にされ,easiRNAsを生成します.
- ddm1背景におけるRDR6,DCL4,またはDCL1の喪失はeasiRNAsを排除し,重度の不妊を引き起こす.
- これらの変異体では,24-核酸ヘット-siRNAが部分的に回復しており,PTGSとTGSとの間の敵対的な関係を示しています.
結論:
- miRNA-directed easiRNA生殖は,特に生殖線再プログラム中に,表表遺伝子的に再活性化されたトランポゾンを標的とした潜在的メカニズムです.
- この経路は,トランポゾン制御のための古代の認識機構を表しており,トランポゾンと宿主の両方によって潜在的に保持されています.
- この発見は,ゲノム安定性を維持するために,PTGSとTGSの間の重要な相互作用を強調しています.
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