アトリアルセプトの欠陥

Tal Geva¹, Jose D Martins², Rachel M Wald³

¹Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Lancet (London, England)

|April 15, 2014

まとめ

常見の先天性心疾患である心房隔膜の欠陥は,子供ではしばしば症状を引き起こさないが,成人では深刻な合併症を引き起こす可能性がある. 手術またはトランスキャテーターの早期閉塞は,正常な寿命を保証します.

科学分野:

心臓病学心臓病学
生まれながらの心臓病生まれながらの心臓病

背景:

心房隔膜の欠陥 (ASD) は,第3の最も一般的な先天性心不全です.
これらの欠陥には,心房間の異常な開口があり,全身循環と肺循環の間の血液シャントが引き起こされます.

研究の目的:

原因,解剖学,病理生理学,治療,および心房隔膜の欠陥の結果をレビューする.
平均寿命の向上のために,適時介入の重要性を強調する.

主な方法:

心房隔膜の欠陥に関する既存の文献のレビュー.
外科的および経導体閉塞方法の両方の治療結果の分析.

主要な成果:

孤立したASDを持つほとんどの子供は無症状ですが,運動不耐性,不律性,肺高血圧のリスクは年齢とともに増加します.
治療されていない欠陥,特に女性や高齢者の場合は,潜在的に致命的な肺血管疾患のリスクを高めます.
25歳未満の手術による閉塞は,正常な平均寿命と関連している; トランスキャテーターの閉塞は,一部の患者にとって,侵襲性の少ない選択肢である.

結論:

心房隔膜の欠陥の早期診断と治療は,長期的な合併症を予防し,正常な寿命を確保するために不可欠です.
外科的およびトランスキャセター式閉塞の両方が有効であり,トランスキャセター式閉塞は最小侵襲的な代替案を提供します.

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