生物多様性の変化を予測し,農業の景観の崩壊を回避する
Chase D Mendenhall1, Daniel S Karp2, Christoph F J Meyer3
11] Center for Conservation Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA [2] Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Nature
|April 18, 2014
まとめ
島生物地理学理論は,人間が支配する風景における生物多様性を予測することに失敗する. 農業の生態系は,島と異なるユニークな野生生物の集合を支えているため,新しい田舎の生物地理的枠組みが必要である.
科学分野:
- エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
- 保護生物学の保護生物学
- バイオジオグラフィー バイオジオグラフィー
背景:
- 島の生物地理学理論は,保護のための基礎であり,保護区の設計を導く.
- しかし,大陸の生息地の断片は,しばしば島の生物地理学的予測に従わない.
- 田舎のバイオジオグラフィは,人間が支配する風景の代替的な枠組みを提供します.
研究 の 目的:
- 島の生物地理学理論を,田舎の生物地理学と比較して直接テストする.
- ネオトロピカル島と田舎の生態系におけるコウモリの生物多様性を比較する.
- 異なる生態系に別々の生物地理理論が必要かどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- ネオトロピカル島のコウモリの生物多様性と,その本土の田舎を比較した.
- 分析された種の豊かさ,均一性,およびアセンブラージ組成.
- 蝙蝠生物地理学的研究のグローバルメタ分析を実施しました.
主要な成果:
- 島の生態系は,島の生物地理学と一致するコウモリ種の減少を示した.
- 田舎の生態系は森林の断片で高いコウモリ多様性を支えた.
- 森林が伐採された地域には種が少ないが,バット集団でさえも新しい.
結論:
- 島と田舎の生態系には別々の生物地理理論が必要である.
- 農地における生物多様性の保全には,田舎の生物地理学が不可欠である.
- 地球の半分を占める農業の生態系には,それに合わせた保全戦略が必要である.
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