ハイブリッドの浅いオンアックスと深いオフアックス水熱循環は,急速に広がる山脊で発生します
Jörg Hasenclever1, Sonja Theissen-Krah2, Lars H Rüpke1
1GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstraße 1-3, 24148 Kiel, Germany.
Nature
|April 25, 2014
まとめ
海洋拡散センターの熱水流には,相互作用する2つの要素が含まれています. 異なるメカニズムによって駆動されるこの二重フローシステムは,地殻の下部からの熱抽出を説明し,噴出部位を供給します.
科学分野:
- 地質物理学 地質物理学とは地質物理学です.
- 海洋学 海洋学 海洋学
- 地球科学 地球科学 地球科学
背景:
- 海洋の広がりの中心にある熱水流は,海洋の熱流,プレート熱構造,地殻化学にとって極めて重要です.
- 化学合成生態系を支えており,大規模な硫化鉱石鉱床を形成しています.
- 特に地殻の下部からの熱抽出を理解することは,依然として大きな課題です.
研究 の 目的:
- 急速に広がる山脊の下の地殻から水熱による熱抽出のメカニズムと条件を調査する.
- 海洋プレートに影響を与える複雑な熱水流のシステムをモデル化するために.
主な方法:
- 水熱流の高解像度,全地殻,二次元および三次元数値シミュレーション.
- 熱力学特性と地殻の透かし性によって制御される相互作用する流れ成分の分析.
主要な成果:
- 相互作用する2つの熱水流コンポーネントを特定した: 浅いオン軸と深いオフ軸.
- 浅い流れは水の熱力学的性質によって支配され,より深い流れは地殻の浸透性と脆性-柔らか性の移行によって影響されます.
- 深いオフ・アックス・フローは,質量が低いものの,リッジ・アックスで放出された熱エネルギーの約70%を輸送する.
結論:
- 二重コンポーネントの水熱流動モデルは,海殻の地震的に決定された熱構造を説明します.
- このモデルは,軸内対軸外熱水循環の以前の,相容れないように見えたモデルを調和させています.
- 発見は,熱抽出プロセスと海洋プレート形成と地球化学への影響を明らかにします.
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