深海のバクテリアの水静圧によって調節される遺伝子の分離

D Bartlett¹, M Wright, A A Yayanos

¹The Agouron Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037.

Nature

|November 30, 1989

まとめ

科学者たちは,深海の細菌から ompH 遺伝子をクローン化し,その圧力誘導性タンパク質が,高水圧環境への適応の鍵であることを明らかにしました. この発見は,バロフィル細菌の理解を助けます.

科学分野:

微生物学微生物学とは
深海の生物学深海の生物学
分子生物学は分子生物学である.

背景:

深海で繁栄するバロフィル菌は,極端な水圧に適応している.
これらの適応を理解するには,タンパク質生産と膜脂質飽和度の変化を研究する必要があります.

研究の目的:

深海の細菌の主要な圧力誘導性タンパク質をコードする遺伝子をクローン化するために.
水位圧への反応として,この遺伝子の転写調節を調査する.

主な方法:

深海のグラム陰性ユーバクテリア (株SS9) を2.5kmの深さから分離して栽培する.
圧力誘導性外膜タンパク質をコードする ompH 遺伝子のクローニング.
異なる水静圧 (1 atm対280 atm) で ompH遺伝子発現 (mRNA生成) の分析.

主要な成果:

オンプH遺伝子はSS9株からクローン化され,成功しました.
ompH遺伝子発現は高圧 (280 atm) で検出されたが,大気圧 (1 atm) では検出されなかった.
これは,水位圧が ompH 遺伝子の転写を制御していることを示しています.

結論:

OmpHタンパク質は,高圧環境へのバロフィール菌の適応に重要な役割を果たしています.
ompH遺伝子は,圧力感知と反応のバクテリアのメカニズムを研究するための貴重なツールとして機能します.
この研究は,極端な深海の生態系における生命の理解に貢献します.

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