人為的な電磁気騒音は,移動鳥の磁気コンパスの方向性を乱します
Svenja Engels1, Nils-Lasse Schneider1, Nele Lefeldt2
11] Institut für Biologie und Umweltwissenschaften, Universität Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany [2] Research Centre for Neurosensory Sciences, University of Oldenburg, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany [3].
Nature
|May 9, 2014
まとめ
都市圏の電磁気騒音は,移動する鳥の磁気指針を乱します. この研究は,人為的な電磁場が鳥の航行に干渉することを実証しており,これはダブルブラインド条件下で再現可能な発見です.
科学分野:
- 環境科学 環境科学
- 動物の行動 動物の行動
- バイオエレクトロマグネティクス
背景:
- 人間が生み出した電磁気騒音は至るところに存在しています.
- 以前の研究では,既定の安全指針を下回る電磁場の生物学的効果について議論されてきた.
- 世界保健機関 (WHO) のガイドラインを下回る人為的な電磁気騒音の影響は一貫して証明されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 人為的な電磁気騒音が移動鳥の磁気指向に与える影響を調査する.
- 都市圏の電磁気騒音が航空航行能力に影響を与えているかどうかを判断する.
- 脊椎動物の行動に対する電磁場の影響の再現可能な証拠を提供するため.
主な方法:
- ヨーロッパのロビン (Erithacus rubecula) は,スクリーニングされていない木製の小屋とスクリーニングされた木製の小屋の両方でテストされました.
- 電磁気騒音レベルは,接地とシールド,そして人工的な騒音を生成することによって操作されました.
- オリエンテーションの振る舞いは,完全にダブルブラインドの実験セットアップで,さまざまな電磁気ノイズ条件下で評価されました.
主要な成果:
- 鳥は,都市の背景電磁気騒音の存在で,磁気コンパスを使って方向づけることができませんでした.
- 磁気指向機能は,電気で接地され,騒音を弱めるアルミスクリーン付きの小屋で復元されました.
- 磁気方向の障害は,スクリーニングが削除されたり,人工的なノイズが導入されたときに発生しました.
- 破壊的効果は,ラジオ周波数電磁場の広範囲の周波数帯で観察されました.
結論:
- 人為的な電磁気騒音は,移住する鳥の磁気指針を明らかに乱します.
- この研究は,人工の電磁場が脊椎動物に与える行動効果の再現可能な証拠を提供します.
- この調査結果は,電磁気による騒音汚染が野生生物の航海に影響を及ぼす可能性があることを示唆している.
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