バクテリアの系統形成は,生息地における土壌抵抗体を構成する
Kevin J Forsberg1, Sanket Patel2, Molly K Gibson3
11] Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63108, USA [2].
Nature
|May 23, 2014
まとめ
土壌の抗生物質耐性遺伝子 (ARG) は,水平の遺伝子転送だけでなく,細菌コミュニティの組成に影響されます. 異なる土壌タイプと窒素肥料がARGプロフィールに影響を与え,以前の仮説に異議を唱える.
科学分野:
- 環境微生物学 環境微生物学
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
- 抗生物質耐性とは,抗生物質耐性のことです.
背景:
- 多様な抗生物質耐性遺伝子 (ARG) が土壌に存在し,ヒトの病原体にある遺伝子と重複しています.
- 土壌ARGの組成と生息地間の移動性を影響する要因は,ほとんど不明です.
- ARGは移動性があり,潜在的にフィロゲニーから抵抗体を切り離す可能性があると仮定されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 細菌のコミュニティ構造と土壌のARG組成との関係を調査する.
- 農地および草原の土壌におけるARG含有量に影響を与える要因を決定する.
- 土壌環境におけるARGの移動性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 18の土壌サンプルで18の抗生物質に対する耐性のための機能的なメタジェノミック選択.
- ARGの含有量の分析と微生物の系統学と分類学との相関.
- ARGに関連するモビリティ要素の調査.
主要な成果:
- 主要な抵抗メカニズムを表す,主に新しいARGを2,895個発見しました.
- 異なる土壌タイプには異なる抵抗体があり,窒素肥料はARG含有量に大きな影響を与えた.
- レジストーム組成は,微生物の系統遺伝学および分類学構造と強く相関しています.
- ARGと合成された移動要素は,病原体と比較して土壌では稀でした.
結論:
- バクテリアコミュニティの構成は,土壌のARG含有量の主要な決定因子です.
- 横断的な遺伝子転送は,以前から推測されたように,土壌のレジストームを植物系から容易に切り離すことはできないかもしれません.
- 土壌のレジストームは,広範囲にわたる移動性遺伝子転送よりも,微生物の生態学の影響を受けます.
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