嵐による海氷の崩壊と,氷の広がりの影響

A L Kohout¹, M J M Williams², S M Dean²

¹National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand.

Nature

|May 30, 2014

まとめ

大規模な海波は,氷の縁から数百キロメートル離れた南極海の氷を破り,以前のモデルに挑戦しています. この発見は,海氷の解体と後退のダイナミクスにおける波エネルギーの重要な役割を明らかにしています.

科学分野:

海洋学海洋学海洋学
氷河学氷河学とは
気候科学気候科学

背景:

海氷の解凍を理解することは,北極と南極の変化を予測するために不可欠です.
以前の研究では,海氷を通して広がる大型の嵐による波の直接的な測定が欠けていました.

研究の目的:

嵐による海波が南極の海氷に与える影響を測定するために.
海洋波による海氷の崩壊のメカニズムと範囲を調査する.

主な方法:

南極海氷の複数の場所での同時観測.
異なる波長の波長の衰退 (線形対指数) の分析.
観測された海氷の縁の位置とモデル化された有意な波高の比較.

主要な成果:

大規模な海洋波 (波の高さ>3メートル) は,海氷を予想よりもはるかに内陸に破裂させる.
波の高さ崩壊は,大波ではほぼ線形であり,一般的に想定されるように指数関数ではありません.
氷河の縮小と膨張は,それぞれ,波長の上昇と減少と相関しています.

結論:

大規模な海波は,海氷の解体と退却に,これまで理解していたよりも重要な役割を果たしています.
現在の気候モデルは,海氷の変化を正確に予測するために,波-氷の相互作用を組み込む必要があるかもしれません.
発見は,海氷と気候モデルの改善のための重要なデータを提供します.

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