公共政策と牛肉と大豆のサプライチェーンへの介入を通じて,アマゾンの森林破壊を遅らせること
Daniel Nepstad1, David McGrath2, Claudia Stickler3
1Earth Innovation Institute, 3180 18th Street, Suite 205, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA. dnepstad@earthinnovation.org.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 7, 2014
まとめ
ブラジルのアマゾンの効果的な管理
科学分野:
- 環境科学 環境科学
- 保護生物学の保護生物学
- 農業経済学 農業経済学とは
背景:
- ブラジルのアマゾンでは,森林伐採が70%減少した.
- この減少は,農業の国境の拡大にもかかわらず起こった.
- 以前の取り組みは,法執行と罰則措置に大きく依存していた.
研究 の 目的:
- ブラジルのアマゾンの森林伐採の最近の減少に寄与する要因を分析する.
- 農業の拡大管理における様々な介入の効果を評価する.
- 持続可能な開発のための戦略と将来の保全の取り組みを特定する.
主な方法:
- 法執行,サプライチェーン管理 (大豆,牛肉),信用制限,保護区の拡大を含む政策介入の分析.
- 市場の需要と企業のリスク管理の役割の評価.
- 農業者に対するポジティブなインセンティブ制度の実施状況の評価.
主要な成果:
- サプライチェーンの介入,法執行,新たな森林伐採の需要の減少など,さまざまな要因が70%の減少に寄与した.
- 企業リスク管理と罰則措置に焦点を当てた公共政策は重要なものであったが,限界を示している.
- 森林伐採管理に対する地域的アプローチは効果的であることが示されました.
結論:
- 農業の国境を管理し,ブラジルのアマゾンの森林伐採を減らすことは実現可能である.
- 効果的な執行と実施されたポジティブなインセンティブと地域戦略を組み合わせたバランスの取れたアプローチが不可欠です.
- 持続可能な開発は,長期的な成功のために,保全の枠組みに統合することができます.
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