神経発達についてです. パラシンパティック・ギャングリアは,シュワンの細胞前駆体から派生しています

I Espinosa-Medina¹, E Outin¹, C A Picard¹

¹Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure, Inserm U1024, and CNRS UMR 8197, 75005 Paris, France.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|June 14, 2014

まとめ

頭蓋骨のシュワンン細胞前駆体は,発達中にパラシンパティックニューロンを発生させます. これらの細胞は,自律的マーカーを共発し,神経によって導かれ,内臓器官の近くで状腺を形成します.

科学分野:

発達生物学発達生物学とは
神経科学は神経科学である.
細胞生物学細胞生物学

背景:

神経頂部細胞は,外周神経系の大部分を構成する多能細胞です.
パラシンパティック・ギャングリアは,内臓器官の機能と内接に不可欠です.
パラシンパティックニューロンの正確な起源と発達経路は,まだ完全に理解されていません.

研究の目的:

頭蓋骨の親交感性ガンジリア形成の細胞前駆体と発達メカニズムを調査する.
頭蓋骨の自律神経系のパラシンパティックニューロンの起源を特定する.

主な方法:

神経頂部細胞における遺伝子発現マーカーの分析.
胚の発達中の細胞系統を追跡する.
細胞の移動と指針を調査する.

主要な成果:

頭蓋骨神経に関連したニューラル・クライスト細胞は,ペアライクホメオドメイン2b (Phox2b) とシュワンの細胞前駆体マーカーを共表現する.
これらの細胞のサブセットはPhox2bをダウン調節してシュワン細胞になる.
他の細胞は,プレガンリオン神経線維によって導かれ,パラシンパティックなガンリアを形成する.

結論:

頭蓋骨のシュワンン細胞前駆体は,正常な発達中のパラシンパティックニューロンの源として機能する.
神経誘導は,パラシンパティック・ギャングリアの配線のための重要なメカニズムである.
この研究は,外周神経系の発達に関する重要な側面を明らかにしています.

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